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Tuesday, July 4, 2023
எழுத்தும் தொழில்நுட்பமும்-ஜாக் டெரிடா PHILOSOPHY: Jacques Derrida
Friday, May 5, 2023
பெண் பாலியல் விருப்பமும் விடுதலையும்-லூச் இரிகரை (LUCE IRIGARAY)
Mubeen Sadhika
Saturday, April 29, 2023
வாழ்வின் வடிவமும் அரசியலும்-அகம்பென்
வாழ்வின் வடிவம் குறித்து கிரேக்கத்தில் இரு சொற்களில் விளக்கப்படுகிறது. ஒன்று எல்லா உயிரிகளின் நடைமுறை வாழ்தலைக் குறிப்பது. மற்றொன்று ஒரு குறிப்பிட்ட உயிரி அல்லது குழுவைச் சார்ந்தவர்களின் வாழ்தலைக் குறிப்பது. வாழ்வின் வடிவம் என அகம்பென் குறிப்பது வாழ்விலிருந்து எப்போதும் அதன் வடிவத்தைப் பிரிக்கவே முடியாது என்ற பொருளில் ஆகும்.
Thanks Mubeen Sadhika
Wednesday, March 22, 2023
மதமும் உண்மையும்-ஜிஜெக்கின் விளக்கம்
Mubeen Sadhika
Wednesday, March 15, 2023
பாலியல் உறவுகளும் மீகற்பனையும்(fantasy)-ஜிஜெக்கின்(Slavoj Zizek) விளக்கம்
தற்காலத்தின் மிக முக்கியமான மார்க்ஸியச் சிந்தனையாளர்,
சமூக-அரசியல் விமர்சகர்.
Thanks ;Mubeen Sadhika
Sunday, March 12, 2023
Philosophy of Absurdism by Albert Camus
According to many, the most fundamental philosophical question is what existence means. This is a question that Albert Camus explored in his novels, plays, and essays. His view of life was called absurdism, which held that life had no inherent meaning and that the search for meaning was ultimately futile. Camus even went so far as to suggest that suicide might be the only logical response to this absurdity.
Camus dismissed religion as a source of meaning since it was based on an illusion, and even if God did exist, the amount of pain and suffering in the world made God either an imbecile or a psychopath. Finding Findingships with other people was also dismissed as absurd because everyone we know and love will eventually die, and many will suffer before they do.
Camus did not believe that embracing illusion, as Nietzsche suggested, was a solution to the problem. Instead, Camus believed we should openly acknowledge and embrace life's absurdity. He used the example of Sisyphus, who was condemned to push a boulder up a mountain only to have it roll back down, yet continued to do so for eternity.
While this may not seem like a solution to the problem, Camus believed we needed to confront the truth of life's absurdity and refuse to let it destroy us. He suggested that we "imagine Sisyphus happy," although it may not be comforting.
In conclusion, whether life is absurd is a fundamental philosophical problem, and Camus' view of absurdism suggests that life has no inherent meaning. However, his solution was to confront the truth of this absurdity and embrace it, rather than give in to despair or seek illusory solutions.'
Suicide
Camus unreservedly condemned, strictly criticized, and rejected suicide and existential leap because suicide is a total surrender to absurdity and a full confession that life is too much on the individual. His interest in existentialism is to explain the meaninglessness of life through his explication of the absurd, which is found in human existence, and which continues to torment man until the finality of his existence, which is death. The knowledge that life is absurd is already a step towards conquering the meaninglessness of life. For Camus, therefore, since the absurd has no meaning, man must hold himself apart from it and revolt against it. This is why he suggested philosophical suicide as a solution to reverse the absurdity of life. The question then is, since man believes in the absurdity of existence, then how and where should he direct his conduct? Does suicide solve this problem? The consequences of Camus’ submissions are enormous, but be that as it may, this work attempts a study of the absurdity inherent in human existence to answer the following questions: How far did Camus achieve the idea of the absurdity of life? How realistic is Camus’ attempt to analyze life as meaningless apart from the meaning we give to it? Did Camus actually succeed in his effort to show that life is absurd? Finally, what are the implications of Camus’ absurdity to philosophy and life? This work will adopt expository and analytic methodological approaches. Here we shall, with a detailed and deep reflective inquiry, expose the place of absurdity in Camus’ philosophy to fully understand his understanding of life.
Thursday, March 9, 2023
அறிவிலிருந்து உண்மைக்கும்…உண்மையிலிருந்து அறிவுக்கும்-ஜிஜெக்கின்(Slavoj Zizek) விளக்கம்..
தற்காலத்தின் மிக முக்கியமான மார்க்ஸியச் சிந்தனையாளர்,
சமூக-அரசியல் விமர்சகர்.
Mubeen Sadhika
Thursday, February 23, 2023
குற்றமும் தண்டனையும் குறித்து ஜுடித் பட்லர் விளக்கியது
ஒருவர் மற்றவருக்கு ஒரு தண்டனையைக் கொடுக்கும் போது உளவியல் அறம் சார்ந்த ‘பொறுப்பு’ ஏற்படுகிறது. அதில் தண்டனைக் கொடுப்பவர் கொள்ளும் இன்பம் குற்றத்திற்கு நிகரானதாகக் கொள்ளப்படுகிறது. குற்றம் இழைத்தவர் ஒரு விதியை மீறிவிட்டார் அல்லது சொன்ன சொல் தவறிவிட்டார் என்பதற்காக நிகழ்த்திய வினையாக மட்டும் தண்டனை இருக்கிறதா என்பதைக் கவனிக்கவேண்டும்.
Mubeen Sadhika
Wednesday, February 22, 2023
Why do we commit suicide?
Often, the decision to commit suicide is influenced by
several factors that overlap and reinforce each other. Often, it is also
impossible to establish for what reason a person took his/her life. Risk
factors for suicidal behaviour can be divided into clinical, social and
psychological factors.
Suicide: Clinical Factors
Do suicides have a mental illness? Many people ask this
question, which is often true, but not always. According to Polish police
statistics, the two most common causes of suicide are family disagreements and
mental illness.
Depression
The mental illness that affects the risk of suicide the most
is depression. It is estimated that two-thirds of suicides suffer from
depression, and about 15% of people with depression decide to end their lives.
Patients who also have insomnia are at greater risk.
Contrary to appearances, the most severe depression does not
mean the most significant risk of taking your life. You need some determination
and energy to kill yourself. Patients with intense depression, having no
strength for anything, also do not have the power to commit suicide. Therefore,
a more significant risk may be when a person is beginning to recover from
depression theoretically. People who have recently been diagnosed with
depression are also at greater risk. People who struggle with this disease for longer
learn to live with it and less often decide to end their lives.
Schizophrenia
The risk of committing suicide is exceptionally high in
patients who suffer from persistent auditory hallucinations. Sometimes such
persons still hear “voices” telling them to kill themselves and eventually
succumb to these commands. However, even if the “voices” do not command
suicide, they can be challenging to deal with, and sometimes suicide seems to the
patient the only escape.
As with depression, those recently diagnosed with the
disease are at greater risk than those with schizophrenia for many years.
Moreover, schizophrenia is often accompanied by depression, which may be an
additional risk factor.
Addiction
At least one-third of suicides abuse psychoactive
substances. The most common addiction is alcoholism, and suicides are often
committed under the influence of this substance. The relationship between
alcoholism and the risk of suicide is not straightforward. Alcohol can
indirectly affect the risk of suicide by causing family conflict and loss of
support from loved ones. Still, the cognitive and physiological changes caused
by long-term alcohol abuse may also play a role. Alcoholics who commit suicide
often lose an essential person shortly before their death or have experienced
an interpersonal conflict or other personal crisis.
Personality disorders
Personality disorders approximately seven times increase the
risk of taking one’s own life. People with borderline personality disorder,
characterized by, e.g. impulsiveness, frequent feeling of emptiness, fear of
abandonment, and extreme and ambivalent emotions, are at particular risk.
Suicide: Social Factors
Human, as social being, needs support and close
relationships. This is especially true when he experiences difficulties in
life. People who have whom to turn to in stressful and difficult situations and
know that they are not alone with their problems cope better and are less
likely to say that the only way out is death.
As I mentioned above, crises in social relations, such as
family conflicts, are among the most common causes of suicide. The loss of a
loved one may also lead to such an act. The more a man depended on the person
he/she lost and the less support other people provided him/her, the greater the
risk of suicide.
Suicide: Psychological Factors
Edwin Shneidman distinguished ten commonalities in suicides:
Seek a solution – Suicides often find themselves in
situations they cannot solve. The only option seems to be suicide. Therefore,
shortly before taking his life, a suicide often feels calm and improves his
mood. After all, he no longer has to worry about how to get out of his problems;
he has found a solution …
Cessation of consciousness – A person who commits suicide
escapes from problems and mental pain, guilt, or other challenging emotions.
Intolerable psychological pain – According to Shneidman,
intolerable psychological pain is the pain of feeling pain. It’s an
overwhelming emotion for which there is no cure, and sometimes suicide seems
like the only cure that can relieve suffering.
Frustrated psychological needs – One of the causes of
suicide is unmet needs, such as love, understanding, and achievement. An unmet
need for achievement can be especially true of perfectionists. This trait is
often associated with suicidal ideation because perfectionists find living up
to their own expectations challenging.
Have The Courage To Ask For Help ,Why So Many Struggle With It
Some individuals may feel ashamed of their inability to ask
for help, leading them to expect their partner to anticipate their needs and
then blame them when they don't. This behaviour can be attributed to the desire
to avoid feeling inadequate and shameful, whether due to an inability to
request assistance or even needing it. Redirected shame can often cause anger
and fear, making it difficult for individuals to ask for help.
Many clients struggle with asking for help and may feel
entitled to it. However, this entitlement can distract them from acknowledging
their limitations and lead them to expect others to meet their needs. Female
clients may become frustrated with their spouses for not understanding their
needs, as they may have experienced their fathers doing so. Asking for help can
feel daunting and risky, leading individuals to fear rejection. Seeing their
partner as a threat, they may transfer their shame onto them, playing a game of
emotional hot potato.
On the other hand, many male clients may feel that needing
help is a sign of weakness, and they may associate shame with accepting help.
They may feel that admitting a need for help is admitting defeat, and it can be
challenging for them to acknowledge their limitations. Their masculinity may be
tied to being independent and solving their problems independently.
Many people fear needing others and try to control and
manipulate situations to meet their needs. They may seek treatment to improve
themselves rather than become more comfortable with vulnerability. Self-love is
cultivated through acceptance, and therapy can help replace judgment and shame
with empathy and feedback.
It's important to acknowledge and accept our flaws and
limitations and to seek help when needed. It's essential to have a community of
people who love and accept us for who we are, our flaws and all. We don't have
to be perfect; not everyone will tolerate our imperfections, but some will, and
that's what matters. Believing that we are unlovable due to our weaknesses is a
flawed belief that can lead to isolation and despair.
Tuesday, February 7, 2023
பாலினச் சிக்கல் ஜுடித் பட்லர் (Judith Butler)
ஜூடித் பட்லர் (Judith Butler, பெப்ரவரி 24, 1956) அமெரிக்க ஐரோப்பிய மெய்யியலாளரும் பாலினக் கோட்பாட்டாளரும் ஆவார். இவரது ஆய்வுகள் அரசியல் தத்துவம், நன்னெறி, பெண்ணியக் கூறுகள், கோணல் கோட்பாடு[மற்றும் இலக்கியக் கோட்பாடுகளில் தாக்கமேற்படுத்தி உள்ளன.
’பெண்’ அல்லது ‘ஆண்’ என்ற சிக்கலற்ற ஒருமையின் அடையாளத்தின் ஒருமைப்பாட்டைக் குலைக்கும் வகையில் தன்னிலைக்குள் பால்(Sex), பாலினம்(gender) என்ற வேற்றுமை கொண்ட பிளவு அறிமுகமாகிறது. உயிரியல் ரீதியான அம்சமே இறுதியானது என்று கொண்டாலும் கூட பால் உயிரியல் ரீதியான கட்டுப்பாடுகளைக் கொண்டிருந்தாலும் பாலினம் சமூகத்தால் கட்டமைக்கப்பட்டது:
Mubeen Sadhika
Monday, January 23, 2023
இடிபஸுக்கு எதிராக டெல்யூஜ்
டெல்யூஜும் கத்தாரியும் இணைந்து எழுதிய இடிபஸுக்கு எதிராக இந்த நூலின் தலைப்பின் விளக்கமாக முதலாளித்துவமும் மனப்பிறழ்வும் என்ற ஒரு சொற்றொடர் இருக்கிறது.
இடிபஸுக்கு எதிராக நூலிலிருந்து ஒரு மொழிபெயர்க்கப்பட்ட பத்தி:
Mubeen Sadhika
Sunday, December 11, 2022
The eye-tracking
Eye tracking is a sensor technology that can detect a person’s presence and follow what they are looking at in real-time. The technology converts eye movements into a data stream that contains information such as pupil position, the gaze vector for each eye, and gaze point. Essentially, the technology decodes eye movements and translates them into insights that can be used in a wide range of applications or as an additional input modality.
How eye tracking works
Typically, an eye tracking system comprises one or more cameras, some light sources, and computing capabilities. Algorithms translate the camera feed into data points with the help of machine learning and advanced image processing.
How the human brain is capable of sorting through an avalanche of external stimuli—most of which never reach the human consciousness—to create a sense of awareness of the individual's surroundings.