 “(Hanuman did not see Sita) who was firmly situated on the eternal path of devotion to her husband, had her gaze always fixed on Rama, was always possessed by love for Rama, had entered the glorious mind of her husband, and was always the most exceptional of women.” (Valmiki Ramayana, Sundara Kand, 5.24)
sanātane vartmāni samniviṣṭām |
rāmekśaṇāṃ tāṃ madanābhiviṣṭām | bharturmanaḥ śrīmadanupraviṣṭām | strībhyo varābhyaśca sadā viśiṣṭām ||
When about to pull off an amazing feat of strength, making the impossible look easy, the masters of their craft will give the disclaimer to their audience saying, “Don’t try this at home.” The implication is that the layperson can’t repeat the same activities and expect to receive the intended outcome. The great ones make it look easy, as if no effort is required at all. “Oh, I can do that”, thinks the onlooker, but when they actually try it, they can end up harming themselves pretty severely, for the seemingly effortless ability exhibited by the expert comes about through hard work, training and a special mindset not present within the neophyte. With Vedic instruction, one of the central tenets is that one should avoid the lowest level of activity, the mode of darkness. Going beyond just avoidance, we shouldn’t even see others who are acting in this mode, for their behavior might influence us towards following them. One person in particular, the expert of experts, a dedicated servant whose feats of strength have yet to be matched on this earth, found himself in the heart of the densest darkness, a forest of hedonism and sinful activities, but he didn’t lose his cool. On the contrary, his dedication to the divine path only further increased, for he had one powerful weapon at his disposal: his mind fully enveloped by God consciousness. The sword of knowledge cuts away ignorance, and similarly, the weapon of the divine consciousness dissipates the dense fog of darkness, regardless of how thick it may be.
 The Vedas, the ancient scriptures of India, are unique because they not only provide details about God and why man should worship Him, but they also provide the reason for the varieties in body types and activities. Every one of us is the same, as we are all spirit souls, part and parcel of God. There is no difference in the qualitative makeup from soul to soul, but we see variety nonetheless in outward appearance. A person born in Africa presents a visual different from a person born in India. The people in China look and speak differently than many of the people in America. Not all life forms are human beings either; some are moving and some are nonmoving. The trees are even living entities; they just remain stationary for hundreds of years and accept whatever punishment or delight comes their way. Therefore it is said that no one is more tolerant than the tree.
Within the human species, which is considered the most advanced because of its unmatched potential for knowledge acquisition, there is variety even with activity. Some people prefer to be religious and devote their lives to discipline and regulation. They keep the needs like eating, sleeping, mating and defending to a minimum, while maintaining regulation in terms of worshiping the Supreme Lord, adhering to piety, and not causing needless harm to others in society. Then there are those driven by passions for acquiring money, advancing in intelligence, emerging victorious in competition, or a host of other regulated pursuits aimed at finding temporary successes.
As freedom brings with it the potential for every outcome occurring, there are even those who pay no consideration to regulation or future profit whatsoever. Rather, they are simply interested in satisfying the senses, and as soon as possible. If they are hungry; they will eat. They won’t be particular about their fare either; whatever the tongue desires will be consumed. Animal flesh is considered the most sumptuous, so the person driven by the senses will not limit their consumption of this type of food. No thought is given to how the food is obtained, that an innocent life form had to be killed in order for this enjoyment to take place. Aside from sense gratification, there is the false relief provided by intoxication, which is the quickest way to gain a temporary release from the effects of the senses. But intoxication doesn’t last forever, so activities like drinking alcohol must be repeatedly patronized; otherwise the buzz wears off.
 The variety in activity is available for anyone to notice and categorize, but the Vedas are so kind that they have already enumerated the different types. The conditioned soul bewildered as to their purpose in life can make better light of the complex nature around them by grouping activities into categories. For instance, if one person prefers to play baseball, while another prefers soccer, we can abstract the activities by saying that both persons enjoy playing sports, which is an activity driven by passion. If we were to group every type of activity using such abstraction methods, we would get the three modes of nature: goodness, passion and ignorance.
Thankfully for us, Lord Krishna, the Supreme Personality of Godhead, the fountainhead of all Vedic wisdom, already reveals to us these three modes. In this way we don’t have to waste our time documenting every activity and figuring out which mode they belong to. More than just the need for categorization, there is something tangible that can be gained from knowing the three modes, a benefit which can best come about when the purpose of life is known as well.
Philosophers, scientists and the generally inquisitive have pondered the reason for man’s existence since the beginning of time. “Why am I here? Why do I even exist? I know that everything will be finished at the end of life, so what is the difference if I enjoy myself or not. If I am miserable now or extremely happy, what will it matter in the end? In a hundred years or so, none of these present events of my life will matter at all.” The Vedanta-sutras, a wonderful collection of aphorisms describing the Absolute Truth and the living entity’s relationship to Him, open by saying that “Now is the time for inquiring about Brahman, or pure spirit”. This means that the human being is given their particular body type for a reason. In any other species, the inquiry into real Truth, one that transcends the bounds of time and space and the temporary nature of happiness and distress, cannot be made.
 How do the three modes relate to this inquiry? Why do we need to understand Brahman? As the astute observer realizes, life on earth is temporary, especially within a particular form of body. But Brahman is not prone to these defects; it exists eternally. Moreover, we are all Brahman; so this means that our present body and the temporary attributes and activities tied to it do not represent our real identity. The soul inside is what counts, but because it is autonomous in its choice of association, it can develop attachments to temporary coverings existing in temporary lands. The purpose of understanding Brahman is to realize that our natural business is not related to the body or anything in this world. Rather, Brahman comes from God, so one who understands their position in relation to Him can know the right path in life.
Realizing Brahman is difficult enough. If we see someone dying, are we not going to mourn? Will we not be dejected upon seeing worldwide destruction or tragic loss? Moreover, the body we currently occupy drives our activities, so how are we to understand that this body is just temporary and that the soul will survive into the next life? In this respect, the three modes of material nature and their corresponding activities fill in the missing puzzle pieces. The mode of goodness, wherein activities are driven by the highest knowledge, is considered the most beneficial in terms of helping one to understand Brahman. By studying Vedic literature, teaching others about Brahman, performing sacrifices, helping others to develop a routine of performing the same sacrifices, and showing an overall adherence to piety, one can gradually shed their false identification adopted at the time of birth.
The mode of passion is below goodness, and it is adopted by default by the human being. The mode of passion leads to an overall neutral condition, while in the short term the mind thinks it will attain a benefit. For instance, working hard at the office to maintain a steady income and peaceful family life is in the mode of passion. At the beginning there is a desire to perform some work to get an intended benefit. The work itself leads to the fruit, but then the same actions must be repeated later on. Therefore there is only a neutral position established. The mode of passion is considered superior to the mode of ignorance, however, because degradation of consciousness does not occur.
 How does the mode of ignorance operate? If someone has a house and a family and suddenly takes part in activities that jeopardize those things, will they not be in a worse off position in the future? This is what the mode of ignorance does; it does not have any basis in sound knowledge, nor does it bring a desired fruit that is even temporary in its manifestation. The mode of ignorance is characterized by things like laziness, heavy intoxication, and abominable activities. The behavior is not driven by any sound judgment. As an example, who among us hasn’t dreamt of sleeping all day when the alarm clock goes off in the morning. “If only I could sleep in; wake up on the weekend, oh what a dream that would be”, as a famous song says. But we know that sleeping the day away is not beneficial. For starters, nothing will get done. The bills won’t get paid, our body will not be fed, and there will not be any interaction with our friends. Secondly, more sleep equates to more laziness, lending credence to the principle of “a body at rest will stay at rest.”
The mode of ignorance is also known as the mode of darkness, for there is no light of knowledge present within its activities. Because of this, the wise emphatically advise us to avoid this mode, as the precious value of human life will be spoiled. At least with the mode of passion there is the opportunity to start from the same position again, but rebuilding your life after being mired in debauchery and irrational thought is very difficult. For the intelligent, those who understand the real purpose in life and the need for realizing Brahman, just seeing someone in the mode of darkness, being in their company for any extended period of time, is detrimental.
This shouldn’t be that difficult to understand. Adult movies have ratings on them to signal to elders that young children should not be allowed to view them. Youngsters are very impressionable, as they have yet to see most of what the world has to offer. If they are exposed to violence and sexual behavior at a young age, the images will be burned into their mind. The chances for following the mode of darkness later on in life will increase as result. In a similar manner, for the sincere spiritualist, he who is following the practices recommended for finding enlightenment, just being in the company of one who is living in darkness can cause great harm to the psyche.
 As an example, if a person is dedicated to regularly chanting, “Hare Krishna Hare Krishna, Krishna Krishna, Hare Hare, Hare Rama Hare Rama, Rama Rama, Hare Hare”, avoiding the four pillars ofsinful life [meat eating, gambling, intoxication and illicit sex], and following principles of cleanliness, they can suffer great harm by even being exposed to the mode of darkness or people who have different ultimate conclusions in life. In fact, chanting the names of the Supreme Lord, who is actually above Brahman, transcends even the mode of goodness. The real position of the soul is to be forever engaged in bhakti-yoga, or devotional service. If categorized into activities, bhakti falls into the shudda-sattva mode, or pure goodness. This is above the mode of material goodness because there is an untainted desire to love God with all heart and soul. Therefore knowledge of Brahman, the primary benefit of following the mode of goodness, is already received in bhakti.
One who follows the bhakti path has essentially dedicated their life to God, even if there is no outward declaration or announcement made to others. A good mother doesn’t necessarily tell anyone else that her life is dedicated to her kids; her mindset is revealed in the activities she follows and the level of sincerity shown in her behavior. Similarly, the devotee who regularly chants the Lord’s names, glorifies both Him and His devotees, and suffers tremendous boredom and depression when not able to perform such activities for extended periods of time has completely turned their life over to God.
Every person’s ultimate conclusion in life is shown through their behavior. Even a movie or television show has these finer points revealed. Through the plotlines, the writers expose their true feelings about life, what they consider to be pious and impious, and how they think activities should be prioritized. If a devotee should be exposed to films which glorify unregulated sense gratification, rampant violence, woman hunting, flaunting of the standards of decency, or any other activity that corresponds with the mode of darkness, there will be a high chance of consciousness being negatively affected. “If everyone else is not devoted to bhakti, maybe I am wasting my time? Maybe I am the one who has it wrong?” Therefore, the spiritual masters, the bona fide gurus who teach those sincerely interested in connecting with God, strongly recommend that their students avoid intimate association with those who are not interested in the same thing, namely that of serving the Lord. Otherwise, through bad association the progress made in consciousness can be ruined. Just as pure milk can become spoiled once a serpent’s tongue touches it, so the kind-hearted soul dedicated to pure goodness can be shaken from the divine consciousness if touched by the fangs of the mode of darkness.
 Being exposed to the mode of darkness on television or in film is one thing, but seeing it in real life is even more dangerous. Shri Hanuman, while executing a search mission aimed at pleasing the Supreme Lord in His form of Lord Rama, saw some of the worst images one could imagine. Rama’s wife Sita Devi was being held captive in the majestic city of Lanka, which was ruled over by the Rakshasa king Ravana. His land was replete with opulence, with numerous elegant palaces, occupied by the most beautiful queens, lined up together in a network. Hanuman is forever devoted to Rama, so he takes great pleasure whenever he can exercise his abilities to show off that love. Tasked with going to Lanka to find Sita, Hanuman was very eager to meet the princess. The one problem was that he had never met her before. He had only known Rama for a few short months, but he was already won over by the Lord’s sweetness and divine qualities. Hanuman was on the platform of pure goodness, but by going to Lanka, he would place himself in the heart of darkness.
Most of Lanka’s residents had the same qualities as their leader. They essentially lived a life of hedonism. Wine was flowing regularly, succulent animal flesh was ready to be eaten at all hours of the night, and sex life was the tie that held everything together. Hanuman, though naturally having a monkey form, took on a diminutive size to enter Lanka. He was looking for Sita, so he had to search through the different streets and palaces. The moon shone brightly, so Hanuman was able to see everything that was going on in the city. All types of men and women, searching for every type of material sense gratification, were seen by Hanuman. He saw the extremes of the life of unregulated enjoyment, similar to what one would see today on the streets at night in a major city on a weekend. Hanuman saw both the good and bad, but since he didn’t see Sita, the visions were not what his mind needed.
Now, for the normal person, the negative images of the Rakshasas would be disturbing, especially if such a person were trying to concentrate on performing a mission. But Hanuman is no ordinary person. In fact, seeing debauchery only increased his resolve. Based on the behavior of the women, he knew that none of them could be Sita. The princess of Videha was the most dedicated to the path of chastity, so there was no way she would cavort with any other man except Rama. She was also always thinking of her Lord, so unless and until Hanuman saw a woman steeped in meditation, he knew that Sita had not been found. She was the most exalted of women, so her radiance and transcendental glow would also stand out.
 The inhibiting influence that the mode of darkness has on the sober individual only serves to further enhance Hanuman’s wonderful stature. Not even the darkest of the dark could take him off of his sublime path. His dedication to Sita and Rama is unmatched, and because of this attribute alone he was fully qualified and deserving of finding the princess. Not surprisingly, he would eventually find Sita, and everything would end well. As no amount of darkness can ever taint Hanuman, no one who approaches him in all sincerity and admires his wonderful devotion to Rama can ever forget the ultimate mission in life, that of thinking of the Lord at the time of death. The purely God conscious soul gets the benefit of God’s association for all of time. Hanuman was steady as a rock in his march towards finding Sita. Therefore anyone who remembers him and his dedication will similarly have a much better chance of remaining in pure goodness.
In Closing:
Material nature operates in modes numbering three,
From goodness, passion and ignorance one must break free.
Because of good acts, mode of goodness is the highest,
From knowing Brahman you’ll become the wisest.
Mode of passion leads to many a victory and defeat,
Leaves you in neutral state, activity you must repeat.
Mode of ignorance finds pleasure at any cost,
Mired in darkness, value of human life is lost.
For those following bhakti, God’s name do they chant,
Feel displeasure when practice devotion they can’t.
For them avoiding mode of darkness is a must,
In philosophy of sinful you must never trust.
Yet Hanuman found himself in darkness’ heart,
In Lanka saw all kinds of sin right from the start,
From his mission to find Sita he would not be distracted,
Saw many negative images, but he would not be affected.
Don’t try Hanuman’s behavior, him we cannot imitate,
For his triumph, servant of Rama we forever appreciate.
Remember Hanuman, beloved of Rama and Sita,
Who found triumph in heart of darkness of Lanka.
 |
Saturday, September 17, 2011
Don’t Try This At Home
5 TIPS FOR CITY SAVINGS
Do you live in a large city or plan on moving to one? Looking for ways to save some money? These tips are great ideas on how to make the most of your funds in city living!
Money Smart Life recommends…
1. Public Transportation:
Be smart, taxis are convenient but also costly. Become familiar with local bus routes and any underground transportation that might be available to you. If you are staying for longer periods of time, spring for a multi-ride card as opposed to paying each individual fare…you’ll save in the long run…on time and money. Most of all–WALK. That’s one of the biggest benefits of living in a big city.
2. Free entertainment
Major cities boast cultural experiences and many of them are free. Think movies in the park, gallery openings, Sunday museums and local sporting events. Take in the sights and sounds without the cost by researching city websites. Most offer calendars with upcoming events, many of which are free to the public.
3. Passes
Many museums, theaters and venues offer memberships with reduced rates. Also, numerous cities offer City Passes that, for a flat purchase price, include admission to multiple city attractions at drastically cheaper prices. A City Pass is also a convenient way to experience a city because they often include a list of every location it is accepted, many of which you might not of known about or had thought of trying.
4. Part time job
A part time job does not have to be just for the money–or too help defray those big-city expenses. Many people work because of a specific benefit it provides them. Can’t afford a gym membership? Get a part time job at the local gym in exchange for a membership. Need work-appropriate clothes? Take on a part time job at your favorite clothing store, pending it offers great employee discounts.
5. Free Wi-fi
Coffee shops, libraries, ball-parks, pretty much everywhere offers free WiFi. Take advantage of it when you are out and about. You might find that between internet access at work and around the city, you may be able to forgo that costly monthly internet bill.
Get more tips at Money Smart Life!
3 FOOL-PROOF WAYS TO EVALUATE YOUR BUSINESS IDEA BEFORE LAUNCHING IT
You know the feeling, the excitement when you just come up with the best business plan ever. Most the time you never act upon it, but what if you wanted to? Is there an easy way to check if your plan might be successful without putting down your life savings? Read these insightful tips to evaluate your plan before you put everything on the line!
INC recommends..
The facts are sobering: the majority of small businesses fail within five years of starting up. While there are many reasons that businesses fail, including some that have nothing to do with an owner’s skills, it’s also possible that many of those same businesses collapsed simply because they couldn’t get enough customers to buy their product or service. In other words, the owners founded their business on a strategy of “build it and they will come” where, unfortunately, the customers never came. In fact, a recent study undertaken by the Blackbox seed accelerator found that many tech start-ups failed because they focused more on their product than on their potential customers.
The good news is that there are a variety of ways you, as an entrepreneur, can conduct some market research to assess the potential demand for your product or service without spending a lot of money or hiring an expensive market research team.
Ask the Right Questions
- Is this product or service I have in mind going to satisfy a market need?
- Who are my potential customers, and where can they be found?
- What competition is out there? Is it direct or indirect, local, national, or international?
- How distinct is my product from what is being offered by the competition?
- Can the product stand the test of changing trends or take advantage of it before it dies out?
- Does the law of the land allow for such a business to be established?
- At what prices are consumers prepared to buy my product, and can I make any profit at any stage?
Google It
While it may seem obvious, using Google and other search engines can be an effective way to gauge the potential market for your idea and whether or not you’ll be facing competition. “Believe it or not, you can do a simple keyword search using either Google keywords or any reputable marketing software such as Market Samurai or Magic Bullet to see if your idea already has a demand,” says Jesue Walker, a serial entrepreneur and president of The Ultimate Emergence Company. Once you have the keyword results in front of you, click on them and pay attention to the right column of the search, which lists the paid advertising. “Click on each of these and see what they are offering,” says Walker. “This is your competition, if any at all. Going back to the search page or keyword results and [seeing] how many times a day and week this keyword is searched for…is the beginning of finding out if you can gain at least one percent to two percent of this market.”
Collect Feedback
Getting direct feedback via surveys or interviews can be another very effective way to gauge interest in your product or service. The easiest way to test a new business idea is by crowdsourcing your idea first,” says Ian Aronovich, CEO and president of GovernmentAuctions.org, a site that compiles and provides information about government auctions of seized and surplus merchandise from all over the country. “Get the perspective of a large group that you already know is capable of giving you truthful and helpful advice. Crowdsourcing is quick, easy, and you will get an array of positive and negative criticism.”
To do this, you may want to draw on an increasing number of online tools that will allow you to tap into the wisdom of the virtual crowd for modest prices. Examples include: uSamp, UserTesting.com, UsabilityHub.com, CrazyEgg.com, GutCheckit.com, and Ask Your Target Market.
Sell Something, Anything
While spending time in front of your computer conducting research and gathering information can be helpful in ascertaining the potential of your product or service, the truth is that the most valuable feedback you can get is whether someone, regardless of what they tell you, will actually hand over money for it. “It is amazing how many people will spend years and hundreds of thousands of dollars on concepts that people ‘really like’ without ever asking them if they would buy it,” says Matt Ferguson, president and CEO of Progressive Health Innovations. “Even better, also ask the people selling in the space if they could sell it for a certain price.”
The best way to get this kind of feedback, then, is to actually create a prototype of your product or service, even in its most basic form that you can shop around to retailers, distribution partners, or even attendees at an industry trade show.
Get more information from INC!
Friday, September 16, 2011
மாடு ஏன் காலேஜ் போகல??
Carbon Nanoparticles Break Barriers–and That May Not Be Good
A study by researchers from the schools of science and medicine at Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis examines the effects of carbon nanoparticles (CNPs) on living cells. This work is among the first to study concentrations of these tiny particles that are low enough to mimic the actual exposure of an ordinary individual.
The effects on the human body of exposure to CNPs — minute chemicals with rapidly growing applications in electronics, medicine, and many other fields — is just beginning to be revealed. Exposure at the level studied by the IUPUI researchers is approximately equivalent to what might be the result of improperly disposing of an item such as a television or computer monitor containing CNPs, living near a CNP producing facility, or working with CNPs.
Single wall and multiwall carbon nanotubes, types of nanoparticles which caused changes in kidney cells in the study conducted by researchers from the schools of science and medicine at Indiana University-Purdue University Indianapolis.
The research, published in the September 2011 issue of the journal Nanotoxicology, focuses on the effect of low concentration CNP exposure on the cells that line the renal nephron, a tubular structure inside the kidney that makes urine. The investigators found the role of the CNPs in this part of the body to be significant and potentially worrisome.
“Unlike many other studies, we have used low concentrations of CNPs that are typical of what might appear in the body after ingesting them from environmental contamination or even from breathing air with CNPs. We found that these minute particles cause leakage in the cellular lining of the renal nephron,” said study first author Bonnie Blazer-Yost, Ph.D., professor of biology at the School of Science at IUPUI and adjunct professor of cellular and integrative physiology and of anatomy and cell biology at the IU School of Medicine.
“Breaching this biological barrier concerns us because things that should be retained in the forming urine can leak back into the blood stream and things in the blood can leak into the urine. Normal biological substances as well as waste products are dangerous if they go where they are not supposed to be,” Blazer-Yost said.
“These CNPs don’t kill cells – so they are not lethal, but they do affect cells, and in this case it’s an adverse effect,” said corresponding and senior author Frank Witzmann, Ph.D., professor of cellular and integrative physiology and of biochemistry and molecular biology at the IU School of Medicine and adjunct professor of biology at the School of Science.
Biological barriers are very important to human health. The most well understood is the skin, but there are many others. “The human body needs intact barriers, whether it be skin, airway linings, gut walls or the kidney cells we looked at in this study. We need to gain a better understanding of how CNPs modify and change characteristics of barriers as these tiny particles become more common in the air we breathe,” said Witzmann.
The two researchers note that these incredibly strong particles, visible only under an electron microscope, perform useful functions including roles in drug delivery and are responsible for many advances in electronics such as the impressive colors seen on plasma televisions and computer monitors. What they worry about is when CNPs enter the air and the environment and eventually the human body from inappropriate disposal or from manufacture of products containing the particles.
This study is part of the team’s larger body of work, which looks at the effect of CNPs on barriers throughout the body including those of the airways and large intestine.
“At this point, we know that CNPs have many beneficial qualities, but also pose potential risks. These particles are so small that when they get into various organs or systems they can bind to many things. We need to further study what they look like in various parts of the body, how they affect protein expression, as well as what they do when they cross a barrier or are excreted,” said Witzmann.
“Studying the cellular alterations in the urine-blood barrier in the kidney caused by repeated exposure to low concentrations of CNPs is the initial step to understanding the assault on the human body of accidental exposure to CNPs but it is an important one,” said Blazer-Yost.
Adam Amos, a study co-author, performed some of the initial work that contributed to this study during a five-semester intensive undergraduate research experience in the Blazer-Yost laboratory in the School of Science. He is currently attending the IU School of Medicine. This work was continued as part of the Ph.D. thesis research of Amiraj Banga.
In addition to Blazer-Yost, Witzmann, Amos and Banga, co-authors of “Effect of Carbon Nanoparticles on Renal Epithelial Cell Structure, Barrier Function, and Protein Expression” are Ellen Chernoff, Ph.D. of the School of Science at IUPUI; Xianyin Lai, Ph.D. of the IU School of Medicine and Cheng Li, Ph.D. and Somenath Mitra, Ph.D. of the New Jersey Institute of Technology. The School of Science and the IU School of Medicine are located on the IUPUI campus.
பாரிசவாதமும் பரிகாரமும்
பாரிசவாதம் - Stroke (Cerebro Vascular Accident)
மூளை உடலின் தலையாய உறுப்பாகும். உடலின் அனைத்துத் தொழிற்பாடுகளையும் ஆரம்பித்து சீராக இயக்குவது நமது மூளையே. இம் மூளையில் உருவாகும் முதன்மையான பாதிப்பு அல்லது நோய் பக்கவாதம் என்றழைக்கப்படும் பாரிசவாதம்.
பாரிசவாதம் என்றால் என்ன?
உடலின் குறிப்பிட்ட பாகங்கள் செயலிழந்து போதலே பாரிசவாதமாகும். உதாரணமாக உடலின் ஒருபக்கக் கைகால்கள் செயலிழத்தல் அல்லது கால்கள் செயலிழத்தல் அல்லது எல்லாக் கைகால்களும் செயலிழத்தல். சிலரின் முகத்தில் ஒரு பகுதியும் பாதிக்கப்படலாம். அவ்வாறனவர்களால் பேசுவதற்கும் விழுங்குவதற்கும் கூட முடியாமல் போகலாம்.
பாரிசவாதம் எவ்வாறு ஏற்படுகிறது?
மூளை சரியாகத் தொழிற்படுவதற்கு அதற்குப் பிராணவாயுவும் (Oxygen) ஊட்டச்சத்துக்களும் (Nutreents) தொடர்ச்சியாக வழங்கப்பட வேண்டும். இவை குருதியின் மூலமே வழங்கப்படுகின்றன.
மூளைக்குத் தேவையான குருதியைக் கொண்டு செல்லும் குருதிக்குழாய்களில் அடைப்பு ஏற்படுவதன் மூலமும் அல்லது அவை வெடிப்பதனாலும் மூ்ளைக்குத் தேவையான குருதி கிடைக்காமல் போகின்றது. ஆகவே குருதி கிடைக்காத மூளையின் பாகங்கள் பழுதடைகின்றன.
இவ்வாறு பாதிக்கப்பட்ட இக் குறித்த மூ்ளையின் பாகத்தால் இயக்கப்படும் உடலின் பகுதிகள் தமது செயற்பாட்டை இழந்து போகின்றன. இதுவே பாரிசவாதமாகும். மூ்ளையின் எப்பாகம் பாதிக்கப்படுகின்றதோ. அத்தோடு எவ்வளவு மூளைப்பாகம் பாதிக்கப்படுகின்றதோ அதற்கேற்ப உடலில் பாதிப்பு ஏற்படும்.
குருதிக் குழாய்கள் எவ்வாறு அடைபடுகின்றன?
குருதியில் கட்டிகள் உண்டாதல் (Thrombosis), இக்கட்டிகள் குருதிக் குழாய்களை அடைப்பதால் மூளையில் பக்கவாதமும், இதயத்தில் மாரடைப்பும் (Heart attack-Ischaemic Disease) உண்டாகின்றது.
இக்கட்டிகள் உண்டாக என்ன காரணம்?
புகையிலைப் பாவனை, சிகரெட், பீடி, சுருட்டு போன்றவற்றைப் புகைத்தல் (Smoking), புகையிலை சப்புதல் (வெற்றிலையுடன்), மூக்குப்பொடி பாவனை
கொழுப்புச்சத்து நிறைந்த உணவுகளை அதிகமாக உள்கொள்ளல் (High Cholesterol)
நீரிழிவு நோய் - Diabetes Mellitus - குருதியில் குளுக்கோஸின் அளவு கட்டுப்பாடின்றி அதிகரித்தல்
உயர் குருதியமுக்கம் - High blood pressure (Hipertension)
இதய நோய்கள்
மதுபாவனை - Alcohol abuse
உடற்பயிற்சியின்மை - Lack of Exercise (Sedenteric life style)
மன உளைச்சல் (Stress)
குடும்பத்தில் அல்லது பரம்பரையில் இதே பாதிப்பு உள்ளமை
அதிக உடற்பருமன் (Obesity)
குருதிக்குழாய்கள் ஏன் வெடிக்கின்றன?
▪ உயர் குருதியமுக்கத்தைத் தாங்கமுடியமல்
▪ தலையில் உண்டாகும் தாக்கம் - விபத்து மூலமாகவோ அல்லது விழுந்து தலை அடிபடுவதன் மூலம்
▪ குருதிக் குழாய்களில் அதாவது நாடிகளில் உருவாகும் வீக்கம் வெடிப்பதால் (Aneurysm)
இதனைக் குணப்படுத்த முடியாதா?
இந்நோய் குணப்படுத்த முடியாத ஒன்றாகினும் சரியான பராமரிப்பி்ன் மூலம் அவர்களின் வாழ்க்கைத் தரத்தினை சீராக வைத்திருக்கலாம். இந்நோயாளர்களில் 20% ஒருமாதத்திலும், 10% ஒருவருடத்துக்குள்ளாகவும் இறக்க வாய்ப்புண்டு. முகம், கண், வாய் பாதிக்கப்பட்டவர்களும், உடலின் அரைப்பாகத்துக்கு மேல் முழுமையாகப் பாதிக்கப்பட்டவர்களும் குறுகிய காலத்தினுள்ளேயே இறக்கும் வாய்ப்புண்டு. ஆகவே இந்நோய் வந்தபின் வருந்துவதை விட வருமுன் காப்பதே சாலச் சிறந்ததாகும்.
இந்நோயாளரைப் பராமரிப்பது எவ்வாறு?
▪முகம் பாதிக்கப்படாதிருப்பின் சாதாரணமாக உணவு உட்கொள்ளலாம். முகம்பாதிப்பு இருப்பின் மூக்கினூடாக செலுத்தப்படும் குழாய்மூலம் (naso Gastric tube) மருத்துவ ஆலோசனைப்படி சத்துள்ள நிறையுணவைத் திரவமாகக் கொடுக்கலாம்.
▪உடற்பயிற்சி (Physiotherapy)
தகுதிபெற்ற Physiotherapist மூலம் முறையான உடற்பயிற்சிகளை மேற்கொள்ளலாம். இதன் மூலம் மேலதிக பாதிப்புகள் வராது தடுப்பதோடு காலப்போக்கில் சிறிதளவு முன்நேற்றத்தையும் எதிர்பாக்கலாம்.
▪மருத்துவ அறிவுரையின்படி, Blood Pressure மற்றும் Diabetes ஐ கட்டுப்பாட்டில் வைத்திருத்தல்.
▪படுக்கைப்புண்கள் ((Bed Sores) வராது பாதுகாத்தல் - இரண்டு மணி நேரத்துக்கு ஒரு தடவை திருப்பிப்புரண்டு படுக்கவைத்தல். தற்போது விசேடவகை மெத்தைகள் கடைகளில் கிடைக்கின்றன. வசதிக்கேற்ப, காற்றடைக்கக்கூடிய மெத்தைகளையோ அல்லது நீரடைக்கப்பட்ட மெத்தைகளையோ வாங்கிப் பாவிக்கலாம். இவற்றின் மூலம் ஒரே விதமாகப் படுப்பதால் உருவாகும் படுக்கைப்புண்கள் வராது தடுக்கலாம். ஒருவேளை படுக்கைப் புண்கள் ஏற்படின் தகுந்த மருத்துவரிடம் காட்டி புண்ணைச் சுத்தப்படுத்தி (Wound toilet) சரியான மருந்துகளைப் பாவித்தல்.
▪மாதமொரு தடவையேனும் மருத்துவசோதனை செய்தல்
இந்நோய் ஏற்படாது தடுப்பது எவ்வாறு?
▪புகையிலைப் பாவனையை உடன் நிறுத்துதல். புகையிலையை எவ்வடிவில் பாவித்தாலும் அது எமது உடலாரோக்கியத்தை நிச்சயம் பாதிக்கும் (சிகரெட், பீடி, சுறுட்டு, பைப், புகையிலை சப்புதல் மற்றும் மூக்குப்பொடி பாவனை).
புகையிலையிலுள்ள Nicotin குருதி அமுக்கத்தைக் கூட்டி மூளைக்கு கிடைக்கும் பிராணவாயுவைக் குறைத்து குருதிக்குழாய்களில் கொழுப்புப் படிவதைக் கூட்டும்
புகைப்பதால் பாரிசவாதம் மட்டுமன்றி மாரடைப்பு, நுரையீரல் தொண்டை மற்றும் வாய்ப்புற்றுநோய்கள், தொய்வு (Asthma), போன்ற நோய்களும் உண்டாகலாம்.
மேலும் புகைப்பவர் தன்னை மட்டுமன்றி தன்னைச் சுற்றியிருப்போரையும் பாதிப்புக்குள்ளாக்குகின்றார் (Passive Smoking) ஆதலால் புகைத்தலை உடன் நிறுத்துவதன் மூலம் தன்னை மட்டுமன்றி தன் சுற்றத்தவரின் ஆரோக்கியத்தையும் பேணலாம்.
மேலும், பலர் மூக்குப்பொடியை, அவை புகையிலைத்தூள் என்று அறியாமல் பீரங்கிக்கு மருந்து அடைவது போல் தமது மூக்கினுள் அடைத்துக் கொள்கின்றனர். பாவம்! அவர்களுக்குத் தெரியவில்லை புகைத்தலால் உண்டாகும் அதே பாதிப்பு இதனிலும் உண்டு என்று. ஆகவே இப்பழக்கத்தையும் உடன் நிறுத்துதல் சாலச் சிறந்தது.
▪கொழுப்புச்சத்து (Cholesterol) நிறைந்த உணவுகளைத் தவிர்த்தல். குருதியில் கொழுப்புகள் காணப்படுகின்றன. இது குறித்த அளவுக்குள் காணப்பட வேண்டும்.
Total Cheleserol 240mg/dl க்கு அதிகமாகவோ
LDL Cholesterol >130mg/dl க்கு அதிகமாகவோ (bad Cholestrol)
HDL Cholesterol <40mg/dl க்கு குறைவாகவோ (Good Cholestrol)
காணப்படின் இவை விரைவில் குருதிக்குழாய்களில் படிந்து குருதியோட்டத்தை தடை செய்யும். இதனால் பாரிசவாதம், மாரடைப்பு போன்ற நோய்கள் உண்டாகும்.
இதனைத் தவிர்பதற்கு உணவுப்பழக்கத்தை மாற்றுவதன் மூலமும், உடற்பயிற்சியின் மூலமும் குருதியின் கொழுப்பைக் கட்டுப்பாட்டில் வைத்திருக்கலாம். இவற்றாலும் கட்டுப்படாவிடின் தகுந்த வில்லைகள் பாவிப்பதன் மூலம் கட்டுப்படுத்தலாம்.
உணவில் ஏற்படுத்த வேண்டிய மாற்றம்:
▪ முடிந்தவரை மிருகக் கொழுப்பைத் தவிர்த்தல்
▪ பொரித்த உணவுகளைத் தவிர்த்தல்
▪ நெய், தேங்காய்ப்பால், சிவப்பு இறைச்சி, உலர்ந்த பழங்கள், ஊறுகாய், அச்சாறு, முட்டை மஞ்சள்கரு, ஈரல், மூளை, Cheese, Butter, Margarine, Ice Cream ஆகியவற்றைத் தவிர்த்தல்.
▪ ஆடை நீக்கிய பால்மா (Non Fat) பாவித்தல்
▪ கூடியவரை நார்த்தன்மையுள்ள இலைக்கறிவகைகள், பழங்கள், அவரையினப் பருப்புகள், கோவா தானியங்களை உணவில் சேர்த்தல்.
. மீன் உண்ணலாம். ஆனால் இறால், நண்டு, கணவாய் போன்றவற்றைத் தவிர்க்கவும்.
▪ நீரழிவு நோயைக் கட்டுப்பாட்டில் வைத்திருத்தல்.
மருத்துவர் ஆலோசனைப்படி உணவுக்கட்டுப்பாடு, உடற்பயிற்சி மற்றும் மருந்துகள் பாவித்தல்.
▪ குருதி அமுக்கத்தைச் சீராக வைத்திருத்தல்.
உணவில் உப்பைக் குறைத்தல்; உணவில் எண்ணெய், கொழுப்பை தவிர்த்தல்; மது, புகைத்தலை நிறுத்தல்; தகுந்த உடற்பயிற்சி செய்தல்; மருத்துவ ஆலோசனைப்படி வில்லைகளைப் பாவித்தல் போன்றன மூலம் குருதியமுக்கத்தைக் கட்டுப்பாட்டில் வைத்திருக்கலாம். குருதியமுக்கத்திற்குரிய வில்லைகளை வாழ்நாள் முழுதும் தொடர்ச்சியாக பாவிக்க வேண்டியது மிகமிக முக்கியமாகும். வில்லைகள் ஒத்துவராவிடின் மருத்துவ ஆலோசனையுடன் வேறு வில்லைகளைப் பாவிக்கலாம்.
▪ மதுபானம் தவிர்த்தல்
▪ உடற்பயிற்சி
ஒழுங்காக வாரத்தில் 5-6 நாட்கள் உடற்பயிற்சி செய்வதால் உயர் குருதியமுக்கத்தக் குறைக்கலாம்,. குருதியிலுள்ள கொழுப்பின் அளவைக் குறைக்கலாம், குருதிக்குழாய்களில் கொழுப்பு படிந்து குழாய்கள் அடைபடுவதைத் தடுக்கலாம்.
▪ நீங்கள் முத்ன்முதலாக உடற்பயிற்சி செய்பவராயின்:
ஆரம்பத்தில் 10-15 நிமிடங்கள் வேகமாக நடக்கவும்.
இதனை வாரத்தி 2-3 தடவைகள் மட்டும் ஆரம்பத்தில் செய்யவும்
பின் படிப்படியாக நேரத்தை 20-25-30 நிமிடங்களாக கூட்டவும். பின்பு
செய்யும் தடவைகளை வாரத்திற்கு 3-4-5-6 எனக் கூட்டவும்.
உடற்பயிற்சியின் மூலம்:
குருதியிலுள்ள கொழுப்பு குறையும்
எலும்புகள் வன்மைபெறும்
இதயம், சுவாசப்பை வலிமையடையும்
உடலும் மனமும் வலிமை பெறும்
உடலில் ஊளைச்சதை போடுதல் தடுக்கப்படும்
▪ மன உளைச்சலில்லிருந்து (stress) விடுபடல்
மனதை ஓய்வாகவும் இலகுவாகவும் வைத்திருப்பதற்கு யோகாசனம், தியானம் (Meditation) போன்றவற்றை மேற்கொள்ளலாம். உணர்ச்சிவசப்படுதலையும், கோபப்படுதலையும் தவிர்த்தல் நலம்.
▪ உடல் பருமனைக் குறைத்தல்
உணவுக்கட்டுப்பாடு, உடற்பயிற்சி செய்வதால் உடல் பருமனை சீராக வைத்திருத்தல்.
சாரம்:
பாரிசவாதமானது முற்றிலும் வராது தவிர்க்கக்கூடிய ஒரு நோயாகும். வந்தபின் வருந்துவதைவிட வருமுன் காத்தலே சிறந்ததாகவும், முப்பத்தைந்து வயதானபின் கிரமமாக மருத்துவ சோதனை செய்து, ஆலோசனைப்படி தகுந்த உடற்பயிற்சி உணவுப்பழக்க வழக்க மாற்றம், மற்றும் சரியான வாழ்கை முறை மூலம் பெரும்பாலான நோய்களிலிருந்து விடுபட்டு குறையற்ற வாழ்வை வாழ்வோம்
நன்றி: Dr. ஏகாம்பரம் குகதீபன்
Engr.Sulthan
MIT's Tiny Energy-Harvester Makes Electricity From Low-Frequency Vibrations
By Julie Beck
MIT's Mini-Energy-Harvester A new energy harvesting device converts low-frequency vibrations into electricity. The device, the size of a U.S. quarter, is shown mounted on a stand Arman Hajati
The rumbling you feel driving along a bridge may soon serve a purpose beyond just waking you up behind the wheel. Researchers at MIT have developed a tiny energy-harvester that is able to harness low-frequency vibrations like those made by a bridge or pipeline and converting them to electricity for wireless sensors.
Wireless sensors are used for all kinds of things, from monitoring factory machines and oil pipelines to keeping track of pollution. While the efficiency of their energy consumption has improved, the sensors' batteries still need to be changed occasionally. MIT's device, a microelectromechanical system (we prefer the term energy-harvester) makes electricity from the vibrations of foot traffic and other low-power energy sources from the environment, potentially removing the need for batteries completely.
The quarter-sized energy-harvester has improved on the designs of similar devices by taking inspiration from the bridges themselves. MIT's energy-harvester consists of a microchip with a bridge-like structure anchored at either end. On the bridge is a weight sitting on one layer ofpiezoelectric material (PZT), which naturally gathers electric charge when faced with mechanical stress. Other devices use a cantilever beam instead of a bridge to pick up vibrations, which is much less efficient. MIT's design picks up a wider range of vibrations and produces 100 times more energy than any other harvester available.
The next step for the project is to get the device to pick up lower-frequency vibrations and generate at least 100 microwatts of power, a target that would be able to power a whole network of wireless sensors.
[MIT]
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