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Thursday, June 7, 2012
தெரிந்து கொள்வோம் வாங்க!
* பன்னீர்ப் பூ இரவில் மலரும்.
* கார்த்திகைப் பூ என்றழைக்கப்படுவது காந்தள் மலர். * இரு குரங்கின் கை எனப்படுவது முசுமுசுக்கை. * உலகின் மிகப் பழைய மரம் தைவான் நாட்டில் உள்ள மூன்யூச் மரம். இதன் வயது 4,130 ஆண்டுகள். * உலகின் மிகப் பெரிய மரம் கலிபோர்னியாவில் ùஸகோயா பூங்காவில் உள்ள ஷெர்மன் மரம். *உலகிலேயே மிகப் பெரிய பள்ளிக் கூடம் நம் இந்தியாவில் தான் இருக்கிறது. உத்தரப்பிரதேச மாநிலம் லக்னௌவில் உள்ள சிட்டி மாண்டிசேரி பள்ளிதான் உலகிலேயே மிகப் பெரிய பள்ளி என கின்னஸ் புத்தகத்தில் இடம் பெற்றுள்ளது. இதில், சுமார் 22,612 மாணவர்கள் பயில்கின்றனர். *ஒட்டகத்துக்கு மூன்று இரைப்பைகள் உள்ளன. * பெயர்கள் பற்றிய படிப்புக்கு ஓனோமாஸ்டிக் என்று பெயர். * இந்தியாவின் கடைசி கவர்னர் ஜெனரல் ராஜாஜி. * தங்கம் அதிகளவில் வெட்டி எடுக்கப்படும் நாடு தென்னாப்ரிக்கா. * உலகின் மிகப் பெரிய பாலைவனம் சகாரா பாலைவனம். 90 லட்சம் சதுர பரப்பளவு கொண்டது இந்தப் பாலைவனம். * சாதாரணமாக ஒரு பல்ப்பின் ஆயுள்காலம் 3,000 மணி நேரம் ஆகும். * சிலந்திப் பூச்சிகளில் குண்டு வீசும் வண்டு என்ற ஒரு வகை வண்டு உண்டு. இவ்வண்டுகளின் வயிற்று அடிப்பாகத்தில் சிறிய சுரப்பி உண்டு. இந்தச் சுரப்பியில் உள்ள ஒரு வகை திரவமும் வெடிக்கம் தன்மை கொண்டது. அதனால் இதற்கு இப்பெயர் வந்தது. * டென்னிஸ் மட்டைகள் மகாகனி, சிக்மோர், பீச் ஆகிய மூன்றுவித மரங்களில் இருந்து தயாரிக்கப்படுகிறது. * நூற்றுக்கும் மேற்பட்ட நாடுகளுக்கு கணினி மென்பொருள் ஏற்றுமதி செய்யும் நாடு இந்தியா ஆகும். * ஆஸ்ட்ரிச் என்னும் பறவை கல்லை தின்னும் தன்மை உடையது. * உராங் உடான் என்ற குரங்கினத்தை "கானகத்தில் கிழவன்' என்று மலேசிய மக்கள் அழைக்கின்றனர். * ஒரே கவிஞர் இரு நாடுகளுக்குத் தேசிய கீதம் எழுதிய பெருமையைப் பெற்றவர் ரவீந்தரநாத் தாகூர். இவர் இந்தியா மற்றும் வங்கதேசத் தேசிய கீதங்களை எழுதியுள்ளார். * பத்திரிகைகளில் மலர், இதழ் என்று போடுகிறார்கள் எதற்கு தெரியுமா? மலர் என்றால் ஆண்டு என்றும், இதழ் என்றால் அந்த ஆண்டில் அது எத்தனையாவது இதழ் என்ற தகவலையும் தரும். * ரோஜா மலரின் வாசனை இதயத்துக்கு பலம் சேர்க்கும். * பாரி, ஆய் அண்டிரான், எழினி, நள்ளி, மலயன், பேகன், ஓரி ஆகியோர் கடையேழு வள்ளல்கள் ஆவர். * தஞ்சை பெரிய கோயில் கோபுரத்தின் நிழல் கீழே விழாமல் இருப்பது போலவே, திருக்கோட்டியூர் மாதவன் கோயில் கோபுரத்தின் நிழலும் கீழே விழுவதில்லை. * கவிச் சக்கரவர்த்தி கம்பரின் சமாதி இராமநாதபுரத்திலுள்ள நாட்டரசன் கோட்டையில் உள்ளது. * சீதையின் தந்தை பெயர் ஜனகர். தாயின் பெயர் சுநயனீ. * துப்பாக்கியை ஏமப்பூட்டு, துமிக்கி என்றும், பீரங்கியை குண்டு குழாய் என்றும், ரிவால்வரை சுழலி என்றும் அழகிய தமிழ்ப் பெயர்கள் சூட்டி அழைத்தவர் தேவநேயப் பாவாணர். மாமிசம் உண்ணும் தாவரம் இந்த பிட்சர் தாவரம். சிறு பூச்சிகளைப் பிடித்து தின்னும். இந்தத் தாவரம் ஆசியாவில் உள்ளது. பிட்சர் தாவரத்தின் இலைகள் ஜாடி போல் வளைந்து காணப்படும். இது மிகவும் இனிப்பான சாறு ஒன்றை சுரக்கும். இந்தச் சுவை மிகுந்த சாறை குடிக்கச் செல்லும் பூச்சிகள், இந்த ஜாடிக்குள் மாட்டிக் கொள்ளும். ஜாடியின் அடியில் ஜீரணம் செய்யும் அமிலங்கள் சுரக்கும். அங்கே அப்படியே இந்தப் பூவினால் விழுங்கப்பட்டு விடும் பூச்சிகள். அய்யோ பாவம்! அன்புடன் முரளி |
உட்கார்ந்திருந்தால் 3 ஆண்டில் உயிருக்கு ஆபத்து...!
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(FACTS)Winston Churchill was born in a ladies' room during a dance.
There are more chickens than humans in the world.
Winston Churchill was born in a ladies' room during a dance.
Barbie's full name is Barbara Milicent Roberts-the daughter of the creators of the Mattel Toy Company.
The ant can lift 50 times its own weight, can pull 30 times its own weight,
and always falls over on its right side when intoxicated.
Will cats attack if you look in there eyes too long? Yes, they will attack if you look in there eyes.
February 1865 is the only month in recorded history to not have a full moon.
Leonardo Da Vinci invented scissors.
The average person's left hand does 56% of the typing.
The winter of 1932 was so cold that Niagara Falls froze completely solid.
Winston Churchill was born in a ladies' room during a dance.
Barbie's full name is Barbara Milicent Roberts-the daughter of the creators of the Mattel Toy Company.
The ant can lift 50 times its own weight, can pull 30 times its own weight,
and always falls over on its right side when intoxicated.
Will cats attack if you look in there eyes too long? Yes, they will attack if you look in there eyes.
February 1865 is the only month in recorded history to not have a full moon.
Leonardo Da Vinci invented scissors.
The average person's left hand does 56% of the typing.
The winter of 1932 was so cold that Niagara Falls froze completely solid.
The last Venus transit of the century
The planet Venus made a slow transit across the face of the sun on Tuesday, the last such passing that will be visible from Earth for 105 years.Transits of Venus happen in pairs, eight years apart, with more than a century between cycles. During Tuesday's pass, Venus took the form of a small black dot slowly shifting across the northern hemisphere of the sun.Armchair astronomers watched the six-hour and 40-minute transit on the Internet, with dozens of websites offering live video from around the world.Closeup views from the Prescott Observatory in Arizona, fed into Slooh.com's webcast, showed a small solar flaring in the making just beneath Venus' sphere.Tuesday's transit, completing a 2004-2012 pair, began at 6:09 p.m. EDT (2309 BST).(Reuters)
Handout image provided by NASA, the SDO satellite captures a ultra-high definition image of the Transit of Venus across the face of the sun at on June 5, 2012 from space. The last transit was in 2004 and the next pair of events will not happen again until the year 2117 and 2125. (Photo by SDO/NASA via Getty Images)
Handout image provided by NASA, the SDO satellite captures a ultra-high definition image of the Transit of Venus across the face of the sun at on June 5, 2012 from space. The last transit was in 2004 and the next pair of events will not happen again until the year 2117 and 2125. (Photo by SDO/NASA via Getty Images)
This still from a NASA video shows the positions of Venus on the face of the sun at various stages during the transit of Venus on June 5, 2012, as well as on June 4, 2004.
This still from a NASA video shows the positions of Venus on the face of the sun at various stages during the transit of Venus on June 5, 2012, as well as on June 4, 2004.
The planet Venus makes its transit across the Sun as seen from Kathmandu June 6, 2012. Venus made a slow transit across the face of the sun on Tuesday, the last such passing that will be visible from Earth for 105 years. REUTERS/Navesh Chitrakar
Planet Venus crosses the Sun's path - a once-in-a-lifetime event that will not be seen for another 105 years.
The planet Venus can be seen on its transit of the Sun, from New Delhi June 6, 2012. Venus last made a visible pass in front of the sun in 2004 but will not make another visible transit until 2117. REUTERS/Adnan Abidi
South Korean middle school students using solar viewers watch Venus passing between the Sun and the Earth at the Gwacheon National Science Museum in Gwacheon, south of Seoul, June 6, 2012. One of the rarest astronomical events occurs on Wednesday when Venus passes directly between the sun and Earth, a transit that won't occur again until 2117. REUTERS/Kim Hong-Ji
Handout image courtesy of NASA shows the planet Venus transiting the Sun, June 5, 2012. One of the rarest astronomical events occurs on Tuesday and Wednesday when Venus passes directly between the sun and Earth, a transit that won't occur again until 2117. REUTERS/NASA/AIA/Solar Dynamics Observatory/Handout
Handout image courtesy of NASA shows the planet Venus transiting the Sun, June 5, 2012. One of the rarest astronomical events occurs on Tuesday and Wednesday when Venus passes directly between the sun and Earth, a transit that won't occur again until 2117. REUTERS/NASA/AIA/Solar Dynamics Observatory/Handout
The planet Venus can be seen on its transit of the Sun, from New Delhi June 6, 2012. Venus last made a visible pass in front of the sun in 2004 but will not make another visible transit until 2117. REUTERS/Adnan Abidi
The planet Venus makes a transit as a person watches the sun set over the Great Salt Lake outside Salt Lake City, Utah, June 5, 2012. The planet Venus made a slow transit across the face of the sun on Tuesday, the last such passing that will be visible from Earth for 105 years. REUTERS/Jim Urquhart (UNITED STATES - Tags: SCIENCE TECHNOLOGY ENVIRONMENT)
Handout images courtesy of NASA show various views of the planet Venus transiting the Sun, June 5, 2012. One of the rarest astronomical events occurs on Tuesday and Wednesday when Venus passes directly between the sun and Earth, a transit that won't occur again until 2117. REUTERS/NASA/AIA/Solar Dynamics Observatory/Handout
On June 5, 2012 at sunset on the East Coast of North America and earlier for other parts of the U.S., the planet Venus will make its final trek across the face of the sun as seen from Earth until the year 2117. The last time this event occurred was on June 8, 2004 when it was watched by millions of people across the world. Get prepared for this once in a lifetime event!
NASA/Goddard Space Flight Center Conceptual Image Lab
A combination picture shows the planet Venus as it transits across the face of the sun as seen from the Greenwich Observatory on June 8, 2004 in London. The rare astronomical event last occurred in 1882, while the next transit is due in 2012. (Photo by Ian Waldie/Getty Images)
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*Sana*
The power of suggestion: What we expect influences our behavior, for better or worse
A lucky rabbit foot. A glass of wine. A pill. What do these things all have in common? Their effects – whether we do well on a test, whether we mingle at the cocktail party, whether we feel better – all depend on the power of suggestion.
In a new article, psychological scientists Maryanne Garry and Robert Michael of Victoria University of Wellington, along with Irving Kirsch of Harvard Medical School and Plymouth University, delve into the phenomenon of suggestion, exploring the intriguing relationship between suggestion, cognition, and behavior. The article is published in the June issue of Current Directions in Psychological Science, a journal of the Association for Psychological Science.
Over their research careers, Garry and Kirsch have both studied the effects of suggestion on cognition and behavior. Kirsch focused mostly on suggestion in clinical psychology, while Garry, whose work is supported by the Marsden Fund of New Zealand, was interested in the effects of suggestion on human memory. When the two got to talking, "we realized that the effects of suggestion are wider and often more surprising than many people might otherwise think," says Garry.
Across many studies, research has shown that deliberate suggestion can influence how people perform on learning and memory tasks, which products they prefer, and how they respond to supplements and medicines, which accounts for the well-known placebo effect.
But what can explain the powerful and pervasive effect that suggestion has in our lives? The answer lies in our 'response expectancies,' or the ways in which we anticipate our responses in various situations. These expectancies set us up for automatic responses that actively influence how we get to the outcome we expect. Once we anticipate a specific outcome will occur, our subsequent thoughts and behaviors will actually help to bring that outcome to fruition.
So, if a normally shy person expects that a glass of wine or two will help him loosen up at a cocktail party, he will probably feel less inhibited, approach more people, and get involved in more conversations over the course of the party. Even though he may give credit to the wine, it is clear that his expectations of how the wine would make him feel played a major role.
But it's not just deliberate suggestion that influences our thoughts and behaviors – suggestions that are not deliberate can have the very same effects. As the authors point out, "simply observing people or otherwise making them feel special can be suggestive," a phenomenon termed the Hawthorne effect. As a result, people might work harder, or stick to a task for longer. And this case is more worrying, says Garry, "because although we might then give credit to some new drug or treatment, we don't realize that we are the ones who are actually wielding the influence."
It is for precisely this reason that the issue of unintentional suggestion has important implications for academic researchers. "In the scientific community, we need to be aware of – and control for – the suggestions we communicate to subjects," says Garry. The authors note that some recent failures to replicate previous research findings may ultimately be explained by such unintentional suggestion. "Recent research suggests that some of psychological science's most intriguing findings may be driven, at least in part, by suggestion and expectancies," Garry observes. "For example, a scientist who knows what the hypothesis of an experiment is might unwittingly lead subjects to produce the hypothesized effect—for reasons that have nothing to do with the experiment itself."
And the unintended effects of suggestion aren't just restricted to the laboratory – they cut across many real world domains, including the fields of medicine, education, and criminal justice. For example, converging evidence on eyewitness identification procedures demonstrates that the rate of false identifications is significantly higher when lineups are conducted by people who know who the suspect is than when the lineups are conducted by people who don't.
While research has provided clear evidence for the phenomenon of suggestion, there is still much more to learn about the underlying relationship between suggestion, cognition, and behavior. As the authors point out, researchers still don't know where the boundaries and limitations of these effects lie. "And, if a 'real' treatment and a 'suggestion' lead to a similar outcome, what differentiates between the two?" says Garry. Understanding these issues has important real world implications. "If we can harness the power of suggestion, we can improve people's lives."
Provided by Association for Psychological Science
"The power of suggestion: What we expect influences our behavior, for better or worse." June 6th, 2012. http://medicalxpress.com/news/2012-06-power-behavior-worse.html
Posted by
Robert Karl Stonjek
Robert Karl Stonjek
The Mediterranean diet is definitively linked to quality of life
Mediterranean Diet Health Benefit
For years the Mediterranean diet has been associated with a lesser chance of illness and increased well-being. A new study has now linked it to mental and physical health too.
The Mediterranean diet, which is characterised by the consumption of fruit, vegetables, pulses, fish, olive oil and nuts, has been proven to be beneficial to the health in terms of a lesser chance of chronic illness and a lower mortality rate.
A new study headed by the University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria and the University of Navarra took the next step and analysed the influence of the Mediterranean diet on the quality of life of a sample of more than 11,000 university students over a period of four years.
“The progressive aging of the population in developed countries makes it even more interesting to find out those factors that can increase quality of life and the health of the population,” as explained to SINC by Patricia Henríquez Sánchez, researcher at the centre in the Canary Islands and lead author of the study.
Dietary intake data was taken at the beginning of the study and self-perceived quality of life was measured after the four year monitoring period. In order to ascertain whether the Mediterranean diet was followed, consumption of vegetables, pulses, fruit, nuts, cereals and fish was positively valued whereas consumption of meat, diary products and alcohol was negatively valued.
Published in the European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, the results reveal that those who stick more to the Mediterranean diet score higher on the quality of life questionnaire in terms of physical and mental well-being. This link is even stronger in terms of physical quality of life.
The Mediterranean Pyramid
Henríquez states that “the Mediterranean diet is an important factor associated with better quality of life and can be considered as a healthy food model.” Its food pyramid combines food to be eaten daily, weekly and occasionally.
Main meals should never lack three basic elements: cereals, fruit and vegetables and dairy products. Furthermore, it must include a daily intake of 1.5 and 2 litres of water. Olive oil constitutes the main source of fat for its nutritional quality and moderate consumption of wine and other fermented beverages is recommended.
Furthermore, fish, lean meat and eggs are sources of high quality animal protein. Fish and seafood are also sources of healthy fats.
At the top of the pyramid are sugar, sweets, cakes, pastries and sweetened beverages that should be consumed occasionally and in small amounts.
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Reference:
Reference:
P. Henríquez Sánchez, C. Ruano, J. de Irala, M. Ruiz-Canela, M.A. Martínez-González, A. Sánchez-Villegas. “Adherence to the Mediterranean diet and quality of life in the SUN Project”. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition 2012; 66(3): 360-8
Folic acid may reduce some childhood cancers
Folic acid fortification of foods may reduce the incidence of the most common type of kidney cancer and a type of brain tumors in children, finds a new study by Kimberly J. Johnson, PhD, assistant professor at the Brown School at Washington University in St. Louis, and Amy Linabery, PhD, postdoctoral fellow at the University of Minnesota.
Incidence reductions were found for Wilms’ tumor, a type of kidney cancer, and primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNET), a type of brain cancer.
Since 1998, the U.S. Food and Drug Administration has mandated fortification of foods with folic acid because earlier studies show that prenatal consumption of folic acid significantly reduces the incidence of neural tube defects in babies.
“Our study is the largest to date to show that folic acid fortification may also lower the incidence of certain types of childhood cancer in the United States,” Johnson says.
The study, published in the current issue of Pediatrics, examined the incidence of childhood cancer pre- and post-mandated folic acid fortification.
“We found that Wilms’ tumor rates increased from 1986 to 1997 and decreased thereafter, which is an interesting finding since the downward change in the trend coincides exactly with folic acid fortification,” Johnson says.
“PNET rates increased from 1986 to 1993 and decreased thereafter. This change in the trend does not coincide exactly with folic acid fortification, but does coincide nicely with the 1992 recommendation for women of childbearing age to consume 400 micrograms of folic acid daily.”
Study authors used the 1986-2008 data from the National Cancer Institute’s Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program (SEER), which has collected information on cancer cases in various areas of the U.S. since 1973. The study involved 8,829 children, from birth to age four, diagnosed with cancer.
“Declines in Wilms’ tumors and PNETs in children were detected by multiple analyses of the data,” Johnson says.
“Importantly, the reduced rates of Wilms’ tumors also were found in a smaller study conducted in Ontario, Canada, that was published in 2011.
“More research is needed to confirm these results and to rule out any other explanations.”
Julie A. Ross, PhD, professor and director of the Division of Pediatric Epidemiology & Clinical Research in the Department of Pediatrics at the University of Minnesota, was a study co-author.
Johnson notes that one concern countries face as they are deciding whether or not to fortify foods to reduce neural tube defects in newborns is the possibility that fortification may cause unintended harm, such as causing new cancers or pre-cancerous lesions.
“Here, we are showing that folic acid fortification does not appear to be increasing rates of childhood cancers, which is good news,” she says.
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Courtesy Washington University in St. Louis
Photo: SweetAlmondTree Blog
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