Enhanced External Counter Pulsation (EECP) is a non-invasive
medical therapy used to treat certain cardiovascular conditions, particularly
chronic stable angina and heart failure. It works by improving blood flow to
the heart and reducing the workload on the heart muscle. Here's an explanation
of how EECP works and its benefits:
Principle of EECP: EECP involves using external or
pressure cuffs wrapped around the patient's legs (from calves to thighs) and
connected to a computer-controlled air compressor. The cuffs inflate and
deflate in sync with the patient's heartbeat, creating a pulsatile pressure
wave that travels upward from the legs toward the heart. This process is
synchronized with the ECG (electrocardiogram) to ensure it matches the
patient's cardiac cycle.
Enhancing Blood Flow: During inflation of the cuffs, blood
in the lower extremities is pushed upward toward the heart. This increase in
blood flow is particularly beneficial for individuals with compromised coronary
arteries, as it helps to supply more oxygen-rich blood to the heart muscle.
Additionally, the diastolic phase of the cardiac cycle, when the heart relaxes
and fills with blood, is extended due to the cuff deflation. This allows the
heart to receive more blood and oxygen, further reducing the workload on the
heart.
Benefits of EECP:
Symptom Relief: EECP is often used to alleviate symptoms of
chronic stable angina (chest pain or discomfort) that do not respond well to
other treatments. Patients typically experience reduced angina frequency and
severity.
Improved Exercise Tolerance: EECP can enhance a patient's
ability to engage in physical activities by improving cardiovascular function.
Reduced Heart Workload: By increasing diastolic blood flow
and reducing afterload (the resistance the heart has to overcome to pump
blood), EECP can reduce the overall workload on the heart.
Stimulation of Collateral Blood Vessels: EECP may encourage
the development of collateral blood vessels, which can help bypass blocked or
narrowed coronary arteries.
Treatment Course: A typical course of EECP treatment
involves multiple one-hour sessions over several weeks. Patients are usually
required to complete around 35 sessions, with five sessions per week. Each
session involves lying on a specially designed treatment table with cuffs on
the legs. The treatment is painless and non-invasive, allowing patients to
relax, watch TV, or read during the sessions.
Safety and Considerations: EECP is generally considered safe
but may not suit everyone. It's essential to consult with a
healthcare professional to determine if it's an appropriate treatment option,
as it may not be effective for all individuals with cardiovascular conditions.
EECP is a therapeutic option for select patients with
specific heart conditions, and its effectiveness can vary from person to
person. It should always be used under the guidance and supervision of a
qualified healthcare provider.
