Plant nutrient deficiency seen on leaves ....

Symptoms of Nutrient Deficiencies

Plants will usually display definite deficiencies if required nutrients are not present in adequate concentrations. The following symptoms may occur if the level of one mineral nutrient is not high enough to be within the range needed for best plant growth. A plant may exhibit a particular symptom for reasons other than a nutrient deficiency. However, if one of the deficiency symptoms occurs, a lack of the proper nutrient may be suspected, and the amount of that nutrient should be increased.

Deficient nutrient	Symptoms
Nitrogen	Leaves are small and light green; lower leaves lighter than upper ones; not much leaf drop; weak stalks.
Phosphorus	Dark-green foliage; lower leaves sometimes yellow between veins; purplish color on leaves or petioles.
Potassium	Lower leaves may be mottled; dead areas near tips and margins of leaves; yellowing at leaf margins continuing toward center.
Calcium	Tip of the shoot dies; tips of young leaves die; tips of leaves are hooked-shaped.
Magnesium	Lower leaves are yellow between veins (veins remain green); leaf margins may curl up or down or leaves may pucker; leaves die in later stages.
Sulfur	Tip of the shoot stays alive; light green upper leaves; leaf veins lighter than surrounding areas.
Iron	Tip of the shoot stays alive; new upper leaves turn yellow between veins (large veins remian green); edges and tips of leaves may die.
Manganese	Tip of the shoot stays alive; new upper leaves have dead spots over surface; leaf may apear netted because of small veins remaining green.
Boron	Tip of the shoot dies; stems and petioles are brittle.

மிக அருமையாக படம் பிடித்த புகைப்பட கலைஞரை நாம் பாராட்டுவோம்

Your Brain When Lucid

In more recent years, scientists have made use of functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) techniques to study the brains of active lucid dreamers.

This study conducted at the Neurological Laboratory in Frankfurt in 2009 detected brainwaves in the range of 40 Hz (Gamma range) during lucid dreams.

To put that in context, typical dreams take place in the Theta range (4-7 Hz), while waking consciousness averages in the Beta range (16-31 Hz).

That's massive. Lucid dreams allow us to tap into even higher states of consciousness than waking reality.

And this all took place in the claustrophobic, thumping tube of an MRI machine. In total, six lucid dreamers were used to generate the data, over five nights each.

The study, led by Dr Ursula Voss, also found heightened activity in the frontal and frontolateral areas of the brain. These are home to linguistic thought as well as other higher mental functions associated with self-awareness.

The modern scientific study of lucid dreaming is giving us heaps to get excited about.

Dream Playback

This may sound like science fiction, but fMRI has also brought about the chance record our dreams while they occur. As in -- video playback.

The technology is not exactly polished just yet, however. In this study, also out of Germany, lucid dreamers were asked to perform a specific action in their dream. First, they signaled their lucidity with eye movements, then they lucidly clenched their right fist for 10 seconds in the dream.

At the same time, the fMRI produced a live view of bloodflow in their brains.

The result? The very same areas of the brain were activated whether they clenched their fists in their lucid dreams - or while awake.

The applied usefulness of this data is we can build a library of physical and dream actions detected by fMRI and translate them in real time.

And there's more.

How to Play Back Your Dreams"With this combination of sleep EEGs, imaging methods and lucid dreamers, we can measure not only simple movements during sleep but also the activity patterns in the brain during visual dream perceptions," explains Martin Dresler, a researcher at the Max Planck Institute for Psychiatry.

That's right - when this technology is developed, we'll be able to live stream and record our dreams visually.

In fact, these Japanese researchers at the ATR Computational Neuroscience Laboratories in Kyoto are already on the case.

Their study involved waking volunteers while dreaming inside an fMRI machine and asking what they were dreaming about.

This time, they weren't using lucid dreamers. So they had to wake them hundreds of times and glean the dream experiences retrospectively.

Their dream decoding software then pieced together these images, attempting to recreate the dream from the bloodflow data.

more: http://www.world-of-lucid-dreaming.com/is-lucid-dreaming-re…