rptd;
khDl Nkk;ghl;L epWtdk; gw;wpa Xh; fz;Nzhl;lk;
1990k; Mz;L Kw;gFjpfspy; fhq;Nfrd;Jiwapy;
tho;e;J jdJ gd;dpuz;lhtJ tajpy; ,e;jpah nrd;w jpU.jk;G ,uj;jpdk;gps;is mth;fs;
jhd; ,e;jpahtpy; ,sk; guhaj;jpy; fw;Wj; Njh;e;j gy fiyfis kPz;Lk; fhq;Nfrd;Jiwf;F
mtu; te;jgpd; jhd; fw;w gy fiyfis nghJ kf;fSf;F Gfl;;b te;jhh;. ,uhk%h;j;jp
clw; gapw;rp epWtdk; vd;W Xh; mikg;ig mtu; cUthf;fp mjd; %yNk ky;Aj;jk;>
jw;fhg;G fiy> cly; tpj;ijfs;> Nahfhrdg; gapw;rp Nghd;wtw;iw mth; FUthf
,Ue;J Gfl;b te;jhh;. mtUila ,uz;lhtJ Gjy;tdhd fypAftujd; mthpd; je;ijia FUthf
nfhz;L Nkw;Fwpg;gpl;l fiyfs; midj;ijAk; fw;Wj; Njh;e;jhh;. fypAftujd; jdJ 5
tajpypUe;J 12 taJ tiu ,f; fiyfspy; njhlh;e;J <Lgl;L te;jhh;. mf;fhyg;
gFjpapy; gy kl;lq;fspy; eilngw;w ky;Aj;jk; Nahfhrdg; Nghl;bfs; Mfpatw;wpYk;
fypAftujd; gq;F ngw;W ghprpy;fSk; rhd;wpjo;fSk; gjf;fq;fSk; ngw;whh;. mthpd;
je;ij jkpo; nkhopf;F rkchpik Nfhhp 1956y; rhFk; tiu cz;zhtpujj;ij
Nkw;nfhz;lhh;. mjd; tpisthf mth;
Neha;tha;g;gl;L mjidj; njhlh;e;J rptgjk; mile;jhh;. je;ijapd; Nghuhl;lKk;
mjidj; njhlh;e;J mtuJ FLk;gj;jpy; Vw;gl;l nghUshjhu neUf;fbfSk; mth; tho;it
ntFthf ghjpj;jJ. ,jd; fhuzkhf mth; jhd; fw;w
fiyfis njhlh;e;J Kd;ndLj;J nry;y Kbahj epiy cUthfpaJ.
jk;G ,uj;jpdk;gps;is mth;fspd; 2tJ
Gjy;tdhf 1941.01.11k; jpfjp fypAftujd; fhq;Nfrd;Jiwapy; gpwe;jhh;. kapypl;b
fiykfs; tpj;jpahyaj;jpYk; fhq;Nfrd;Jiw mnkhpf;fd; kp\d; Mq;fpyg; ghlrhiyapYk;
,Wjpahf fhq;Nfrd;Jiw eNl];tuh fy;YhhpapYk; fypAftujd; fy;tp fw;whh;.
v];.v];.rp apy; rpj;jpaile;j mth; jpUf;Nfhzkiyf;F 1960k;
Mz;by; njhopy; ngWk; Nehf;Fld; nrd;whh;. mNj Mz;by; mth; jpUf;Nfhzkiyj;
JiwKfj;jpy; njhopy; ngw;W tho;e;J te;jhh;. Kjyhspfspd; fPo; JiwKf Ntiyfs;
eilngw;W te;jd. njhopy; cj;juthjj;ijAk; epahakhd Cjpaj;ijAk; ngWk; Nehf;Fld;
fypAftujd; nghJr; nrayhsuhf ,Ue;j ,yq;if th;j;jf Copah; rq;fj;jpd;
mq;fj;jth;fs; midtUk; 1967k; Mz;L njhlh;e;J %d;W khjq;fs; ,ilawhJ Nkw; nfhz;l
Ntiy epWj;j Nghuhl;lj;jpd; tpisthf jpUf;Nfhzkiyj; JiwKf Ntiyfs; midj;Jk;
Njrpakakhf;fg;gl;lJ. fypAftujd; mth;fs; njhopy; nra;J nfhz;bUe;j Ntisapy;
fy;tpg; nghJj;juhju cah; jug; ghPl;ir vOjp mjpy; rpj;jpaile;J nfhOk;G gy;fiyf;
fofj;jpy; rl;lj;Jiwapy; ntspthhp khztdhfg; gjpT nra;J Kjy; Mz;L ghPl;irapy;
rpj;jpAkile;jhh;. nfhOk;G gy;fiyf; fof gl;lg; gbg;ig njhlh;tjw;fhf mth; flik
khw;wk; ngw;W nfhOk;G JiwKfj;jpw;F nrd;whh;. mq;F ,Wjp Mz;L ghPl;iria vOjpa
epiyapy; 1983k; Mz;L a+iy ,df; fytuj;ijj; njhlh;e;J kPz;Lk; jpUf;Nfhzkiyj;
JiwKfj;jpw;F flik khw;wyhfp te;jhh;. mt; Ntisapy; ,yq;ifapy; epytpa murpay;
kw;Wk; r%f> njhopyhsh;fspd; epiyfisf; fUj;jpy; nfhz;L tlf;Ff; fpof;F
njhopyhsh; rq;fk; vDk; Xh; Gjpa njhopw; rq;fj;ij Muk;gpj;J mjd; epWtduhfTk;
nghJr; nrayhsuhfTk; ,Ue;J njhopyhsh;fSf;Fk; r%fj;jpw;Fk; njhz;lhw;wp te;jhh;
mth; mt;thW cUthf;fpa njhopw; rq;fNk JiwKf mjpfhu rigapd; mjp$ba mq;fj;jth;fis
nfhz;l njhopw;rq;fkhf nraw;gl;L te;jJ. mj; njhopw; rq;fj;jpd; fPo; njhopyhsh;
eyd;Ghp epjpaj;ij cUthf;fp njhopyhsj; Njhoh;fSf;F gy ed;ikfis mj;jpl;lj;jpd;
%yk; toq;fp te;jhh;.
jpUf;Nfhzkiyapy; 1990 a+d; ,y; Vw;gl;l ,df;
fytuj;jpd; fhuzkhf mth; FLk;gkhf tlf;F Nehf;fp ,lk; ngah;e;jhh;. mq;F gy
khtl;lq;fspYk; kPz;Lk; kPz;Lk; ,lk; ngah;e;J tho;e;j mth; gy khDl
Nkk;ghl;bw;fhd njhz;il Mw;wp te;jhh;. 2002k; Mz;by; mtUila je;ij 1953y; epWtpa ,uhk%h;j;jp
clw; gapw;rp epWtdk; vd;w ngaiuf; nfhz;l mikg;ig Gj;Japh; Cl;b nraw;gl
Muk;gpj;jhh;. me; epWtdj;jpd; %yk; Nahff; fiyia nghJkf;fSf;F Gfl;l Muk;gpj;jhh;.
mNj Mz;by; mwpTf;fjph; vDk; Xh; rQ;rpifia fhyhz;L rQ;rpifahf ntspapl
Muk;gpj;jhh;. gy rthy;fSf;F kj;jpapy; me;j rQ;rpifapd; 4 ,jo;fs; rPuw;w fhy
,ilntspapy; ntspaplg;gl;lJ. me;j rQ;rpifapy; ntsptUk; rpwg;G fl;Liufspy; fjhehafh;fshfj;
jpfo;e;j ehy;tUs; Ke;ehs; aho;gy;fiyf; fof JizNte;jh; m.Jiuih[h mth;fspdJk; Mopf;Fkud;
Mde;jdpdJk; fl;Liufs; 2 MFk;. ,e;j rQ;rpiffspd; ,jo;fs; fpspnehr;rp nfhOk;G
jpUf;Nfhzkiy Nghd;w khtl;lq;fspy; ntspaplg;gl;lJ. cyf Rfhjhu ];jhgdk;
vk.;v];.vg;> `pa+nlf; Nghd;w mikg;GfSld; ,ize;J csey Nkk;ghl;bw;fhd njhz;il
Mw;wpAk; Nahff; fiyia itj;jparhiyfs; epWtdq;fs; ghlrhiyfspy; Nahff; fiyiaAk;
Gfl;b te;jhh;. 2006k; Mz;by; fy;tpj; jpizf;fsj;jpd; cjtpAld; Myaq;fspy; ghlrhiyg;
gpsisfSf;F tho;tpaypy; irt rka mwpT tpUj;jpg; ghriw vDk; jiyg;gpy; 3 ehl;fs;
tjptplg; gapw;rpfis gy khtl;lq;fspYk; gy Myaq;fspYk; njhlh;e;J elj;jp te;jhh;
mg; gapw;rp jpl;lq;fspy; ,ize;j midj;Jg; gapYdh;fSf;Fk; rpt jPl;ir
toq;fg;gl;lJld; Nahff; fiyAk; Xh; fw;if newpahfg; Gfl;lg;gl;lJ. ,g; gapw;rpapd;
%yk; gy Ehw;Wf; fzf;fhd khzth;fSk; nghJkf;fSk; Mrphpah;fSk; gyd; ngw;wdh;.
njhlh;e;J 5 tUlq;fshf csey Nkk;ghl;L epWtdj;jpd; nrayhsuhfTk; mth; njhz;lhw;wp
te;jhh;. 9 mikg;Gf;fisr; Nrh;e;j 600 tiuahd gadhspfs; me;j mikg;Gf;fspy;
tho;e;jdh;.
Nahf rhj;jpuk; (mwpKfk;) vDk; EhiyAk;
fypAftujd; tiue;J fpspnehr;rpapYk; Ky;iyj;jPtpYk; tyaf; fy;tpg; gzpkidapd;
JizAlDk; mur mjpgh; cjtp mur mjpgh; nghJ kf;fspd; JizAlDk; ntspapl;L Nahff;
fiyiaAk; fhl;rpg;gLj;jp kf;fs; kj;jpapy; mf; fiy njhlh;ghd tpspg;Gzh;itAk;
Vw;gLj;jp tUfpd;whh;. gy Kf;fpa tplaq;fisj; jhq;fpa mth; tiue;J epiwT nra;j
md;Ng Nahff;fiy vDk; Ehy; mr;Rg; gjpg;gpy; cs;sJ. tpiutpy; ,e;Ehy; gy
khtl;lq;fspYk; ntspapl;L mwpKfk; nra;ag;gl cs;sJ.
jpUf;Nfhzkiy jPl;irj; jpl;lk;
,uhk%h;j;jp clw; gapw;rp epWtdk; vd;w
ngaiuj; jhq;fp nraw;gl;L te;j epWtj;ij kd;dhh; jpUf;NfjP];tu Myaj;jpy; 2010k;
Mz;L eilngw;w Xh; tjptplg; gapw;rp Ntisapy; rptd; khDl Nkk;ghl;L epWtdk; vd;W
ngah; khw;wk; nra;ag;gl;lJ.
2009k; Mz;L ehl;by; Vw;gl;l murpay; r%fg;
nghUshjhu tpisTfisf; fUj;jpy; nfhz;L Jd;gg;gl;l jkpo; kf;fSf;F njhz;L nra;Ak;
Nehf;Fld; ,Ue;j fypAftujd; mth;fSf;F ,e;jpahtpypUe;J ,e;J gPlhjpgjpfspdJk; ,e;J
mikg;Gf;fspdJk; cwT Vw;gl;lJ. me;j cwtpd; fhuzkhf rptd; mUshy; 2010y; ,yq;iff;F
tUif je;jpUe;j Rthkp jahde;j ru];tjp mth;fis re;jpf;Fk; tha;g;G cUthdJ. ,e;j
cwTfspd; gadhf 2011y; jkpo;ehL rpjk;guj;jpy; eilngw;w Nrf;fpohh;.…….khehl;by; fye;J Nahff; fiyiaf;
fhl;rpg;gLj;jp mwpKfg;gLj;Jtjw;fhd miog;G fypAftujDf;F toq;fg;gl;lJ. rpjk;guj;jpy;
mthpd; epfo;T epiwTw;w NtisapNyNa jpUr;rpapy; eilngw;w fhiuf;fhy; mk;ikahh;
mth;fspd; khehl;bYk; fye;J nfhs;tjw;fhd miog;G fypAftujDf;F Kd;itf;fg;gl;lJ.
mjid mth; Vw;Wf; nfhz;L jpUr;rpapYk; Fwpg;gpl; khehl;by; Nahff; fiyiaf;
fhl;rpg;gLj;jp ciu epfo;j;jpdhh;.
jkpo; ehl;by; 2011y; 3 khjq;fs; jq;fp
tho;e;j fypAftujd; Jd;gg;gl;l jkpo; kf;fspd; Nkk;ghl;bw;fhf ,e;jpa kf;fspd;
xj;Jiog;igAk; cjtpiaAk; Ntz;b gy khepyq;fSf;F mth; gazk; Nkw;nfhz;lhh.; rpy
gPlhjpgjpfisAk; rpy njhz;lh; mikg;Gf;fisAk; rpy nghJ kf;fisAk; re;jpj;J Md;kPf
Nkk;ghl;bw;fhfTk; khDl Nkk;ghl;bw;fhfTk; ,yq;ifapy; Jd;gg;gl;l kf;fSf;F cjtp
toq;Fk; gb Ntz;LNfhs;fis Kd;itj;jhh;. mth;fSs; rpy mikg;Gf;fSk; rpyUk; jk;khyhd
cjtpfis toq;Ftjw;F cWjpaspj;Js;sdh;.
Rthkp jahde;j ru];tjp mth;fis re;jpg;gjw;fhf
Nfhak;gj;Jhh; khtl;lj;jpw;F nrd;w fypAftujd;> Rthkp jahde;j ru];tjp mth;fs;
jkJ tUlhe;j Ntiyj; jpl;lj;jpw;fhf cj;juhQ;ry; khepyj;jpYs;s hp\pNfrj;jpy;
jq;fpapUg;gij mwpe;J hp\pNfrk; nrd;whh;. mq;F mtUila Mr;rpukj;jpy; Vida
rptdbahh;fSld; mtUk; jq;fp ,Ue;J Rthkp jahde;j ru];tjp mth;fSld; Jd;gg;gl;l
jkpo; kf;fspd; Jah;fis vt;thW Nghf;Ftjw;F cjt KbAnkd;w fye;Jiuahlypy; <Lgl;L
,Ue;jhh;.
rpijf;fg;gl;l my;yJ mopf;fg;gl;l Myaq;fis
fl;bnaOg;gp Fk;ghgpN\fk; nra;tJ vd;Wk; mt;thwhd Myaq;fis #o thOk; Jd;gg;gl;l
kf;fspd; Jah;fis rpwpJ rpwpjhfTk; fl;lk; fl;lkhfTk; Kd;Ndw;Wtjw;F jd;dhyhd
xj;Jiog;ig toq;FtjhfTk; Rthkp jahde;j ru];tjp mth;fs; cWjpaspj;jhh;.
rptd; khDl Nkk;ghl;L epWtdj;ij ,yq;if
rl;lj;jpd; fPo; Xh; ,yhgk; <l;lhj njhz;lh; Nrit toq;Fk; Xh; fk;gdpahf gjpT
nra;tjw;fhd ngUk;ghyhd eltbf;iffs; g+h;j;jpaile;Js;sJ. ,e;j mikg;gpd; 2tJ
tUlhe;jf; $l;lk; 31.03.2012y; tTdpah FUkd; fhl;by; mike;Js;s mUs; kpF = fhsp
Nfhtpypy; eilngw;W khDl Nkk;ghl;bw;fhd gy Ntiyj; jpl;lq;fs; njhlh;ghf KbTfs;
Nkw; nfhs;sg;gl;Ls;sJ.
mf];jpah; ];jhgdk; gw;wp Fwpg;gpl Ntz;Lkh.
rptd; khDl Nkk;ghl;L epWtdk; <Lgl;Ls;s
njhz;lh; Nritfs; tUkhW
1.
gpd;jq;fpa fpuhkq;fSf;F ,ytr my;yJ milahs fl;lzj;Jldhd
kUj;Jt Nrit toq;Fjy;;.
2.
CdKw;wth;fSf;F gad;gLj;Jtjw;fhd Jizf; fUtp toq;Fjy;.
3.
gy; fiyf; fofj;jpy; fw;f trjpaw;NwhUf;F Gyikg; ghprpy; cjtp
toq;Fjy;;.
4.
ngw;Nwhiu ,oe;j gps;isfis rpWth; ,y;yq;fspy; ,izj;jy;.
5.
,aw;if fhuzq;fspdhYk; td;nraypdhYk; tpjitahd FLk;g
jiytpfSf;F njhopw; gapw;rp toq;Fjy; Ntiy tha;g;G toq;Fjy;.
6.
irt Myaq;fspy; ,isQh;fSf;Fk; Kjpath;fSf;Fk; rpt jPl;ir
toq;FtJk; irt newpKiwahd tho;it tjptplg; gapw;rp %yk; toq;FYk;;.
7.
Nahff; fiyia Gfl;Ljy;.
8.
Jd;gg;gl;l gps;isfSf;F tpisahl;L rpfpr;irapd; %yk;
Fzg;gLj;JtJk; kd rhe;jpiaAk; mikjpiaAk; Vw;gLj;JtJk;
9.
nksdtpuj gapw;rpia toq;fp kf;fSf;F Md;kPf Nkk;ghl;il
Vw;gLj;Jjy;
10.
gue;Jgl;l mbg;gilapy; ,isQh;fSf;F jdpahfTk; Kjpath;fSf;F
jdpahfTk; njhz;lh; Nrit mzpf;F gapw;rp toq;fp njhz;by; <LgLj;Jjy;.
11.
irt Myaq;fis xUq;fpizj;J Md;kPf Nkk;ghl;bw;fhfTk; r%f
Nkk;ghl;bw;fhfTk; njhz;lhw;wj; Jhz;Ljy;.
12.
nghJ mikg;Gfshfr; nraw;gLk; irt mikg;Gf;fis xUq;fpizj;J
Md;kPf Nkk;ghl;bw;fhfTk; r%f Nkk;ghl;bw;fhfTk; njhz;lhw;wj; Jhz;Ljy;.
13.
mwnewpg; ghlrhiyfspy; eilngWk; Nghjidfis Mkk;gLj;jk;
Nehf;Fld; ngw;Nwhh; kj;jpapy; tpspg;gzh;T
Vw;gLj;jp Gj;Jzh;TlDk; Gj;Jhf;fj;JlDk; mwnewpf; fy;tp Gfl;Lk; epiyia cUthf;Fjy;
14.
ghlrhiy kl;lj;jpy; Md;kPf Nkk;ghl;il Vw;gLj;Jtjw;fhd
rpwg;Gj; jpl;lk; jahhpj;J gbg;gbahf ghlrhiyfspy; mjid mwpKfg;gLj;jpMd;kPf
Nkk;ghl;il Vw;gLj;Jjy;.
15.
njhopw; fy;tpiaAk; fiyfisAk; Nkk;gLj;Jtjw;fhd gapw;rpfs;
toq;Fjy;.
16.
rpj;j kUj;Jtj;ij Nkk;gLj;Jk; Nehf;Fld; %ypif kUe;Jfis
cw;gj;jp nra;J re;ijg;gLj;Jtjw;fhd eltbfiffs; Nkw;nfhs;sy;.
17. jkpo; ehl;by; ntspte;j gj;jpupifr; nra;jpfs;
