Thursday, January 9, 2020

Defeating HIV in Newborns with a Single Dose of Antibodies


The human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) causes HIV infection and over time acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS), where it causes progressive failure of the immune system and allows life-threatening opportunistic infections and cancers to thrive. The average survival time after HIV infection is around 9-11 years without treatment, and current treatments work to slow the progression of the virus in the body.
This new study used rhesus macaque new-borns to investigate the transmission of the monkey form of HIV, called SHIV, from mother to baby. They used a combination of two antibodies called PGT121 and VRC07-523.

A single dose of an antibody-based treatment can prevent HIV transmission from mother to baby, new nonhuman primate research suggests for the first time. The findings are being published in the journal Nature Communications.
When that single dose is given is key, however. The study found rhesus macaque newborns did not develop the monkey form of HIV, called SHIV when they received a combination of two antibodies 30 hours after being exposed to the virus.

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