Conversion disorder (Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder)

1. Conversion disorder and its prevalence
Conversion a term was firstly used by Freud. Conversion disorder (Functional Neurological Symptom Disorder) is a disorder of the brain accompanied by emotions disordered. 25% of patients in a general medical setting have individual symptoms of conversion disorder in their lives and around 5% of referrals to neurology clinics. Conversion symptoms are mostly observed in Females.

2. Causes of conversion disorder (Etiology)
Strict social systems due to lack of direct expression of feelings and emotions with others, impairment of cortical and subcortical functioning is associated with conversion disorder. Relationship found between conversion disorder and psychological issues, conversion disorder have a high frequency of co-morbid anxiety and depressive symptoms. Convergence disorder symptoms also report in childhood physical/sexual abuse patients. Psychosocial stressors, low educational level, rural background and low socioeconomic status have been associated with conversion disorder

3. Sign-symptoms of conversion disorder
Conversion disorder affects voluntary motors and special sensory functions.
• Sensory symptoms
Diplopia, blindness, deafness, numbness, anosmia, ageusia
• Motor symptoms
Paralysis, dysphasia, ataxia, tremor, seizures, facial weakness

4. Conversion disorder treatment
Conversion disorder treatment emphasize on multidisciplinary treatment approach such as:
• Cognitive behavior therapy
• Psychodynamic therapy
• Behavioral therapy
• Transcranial magnetic stimulation
• Electromyographic biofeedback
• Neurofeedback Therapy