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Monday, December 28, 2015

SUN TEMPLE TIKAMNAGAR MP




The Sun temple was built by Pratihara rulers in the 9th century A.D. The east-facing temple is raised on a high platform. The ground plan consists of garbhagriha, antaral and maha-mandapa based on two pillars. The elevation plan consists of plinth, wall portion, verandica and shikhar portion. Ganesha, Kartikeya, Parvati and Sur Sundaris are carved in bhadra rathikas. In the bhadra, pratibhadra and kodak rathas of the jangha portion, the figures of Surya, dikpala, ten incarnations of Vishnu, saptamatrikas, Ganesha and Sur Sundaris are carved. The shikhar is of Nagara style and its middle strip is decorated.
The idol of Sun God is placed here inside the temple. The other main object of interest of the village is a temple of Vindhya Vasani Devi on the top of hill. Niwari is the headquarter town of the Niwari tehsil of the same name.The Sun temples of Umari and Madkhera are excellent gifts of the Pratiharas. A number of step wells and temples we constructed in Tikamgarh district during the Chandela reign.
On the shikhara, there is an elaborate sukha-nasika. There are two levels in it, the lower level has four niches, two in front and two on lateral sides. The niches on the lateral sides are empty at present, however R D Banerji reports that there were Nataraja images in these niches. The front niches have Vishnu and Brahma. On the upper tier of the sukha-nasika, a face is carved inside the simha-mukha. He is holding a ashkamala and water pot. R D Banerji indentifies him with Shiva whereas Krishna Deva identifies it with Surya.

Chronic psychological stress is associated with accelerated aging and increased risk for aging-related diseases

Chronic psychological stress is associated with accelerated aging and increased risk for aging-related diseases, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are unclear.
Scientists at the Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry in Munich have now found how psychological stress, which accumulates over a lifetime, accelerates the aging process. The reason for this are epigenetic changes at binding sites of the receptor for the stress molecule glucocorticoid.
The study showed that individuals exposed to high levels of lifetime stress were epigenetically older than their true biological age. Such a premature “biological” aging has been shown to increase the risk for a number of age-related diseases.
One plausible mechanism that may mediate the adverse effects of stress on the aging process is epigenetic regulation.
Epigenetic control of gene transcription is critical for normal human development and cellular differentiation. Epigenetic actions do not change the actual genetic code but alter its accessibility by i.e. attaching chemical groups to or removing them from the DNA.
They examined the effect of lifetime stressors on a DNA methylation-based age predictor, epigenetic clock. (see below for what that clock is)
Cumulative exposure to stress hormones affects the regulation of genes associated with aging and age-related diseases.
The study showed that individuals exposed to high levels of lifetime stress were epigenetically older than their true biological age. Such a premature “biological” aging has been shown to increase the risk for a number of age-related diseases.
http://www.genomebiology.com/2015/16/1/266#B27
While alterations of epigenetic marks such as DNA methylation have been linked to cancers and many other human diseases, interindividual epigenetic variations in normal tissues due to aging, environmental factors, or innate susceptibility are poorly characterized.
The plasticity, tissue-specific nature, and variability of gene expression are related to epigenomic states that vary across individuals.
Since age has a strong effect on DNA methylation levels on tens of thousands of CpG sites, one can define a highly accurate biological clock (referred to as epigenetic clock or DNA methylation age) in humans and chimpanzees.
The CpG sites or CG sites are regions of DNA where a cytosine nucleotide occurs next to a guanine nucleotide in the linear sequence of bases along its length. "CpG" is shorthand for "—C—phosphate—G—", that is, cytosine and guanine separated by only one phosphate
Cytosines in CpG dinucleotides can be methylated to form 5-methylcytosine. In mammals, , 70% to 80% of CpG cytosines are methylated. Methylating the cytosine within a gene can change its expression,
CpG islands (or CG islands) are regions with a high frequency of CpG sites and they are what is used to provide researchers nowadays with an epigenetic clock.
Aging and Environmental Exposures Alter Tissue-Specific DNA Methylation Dependent upon CpG Island Context
http://journals.plos.org/plosgenetics/article…
“Glucocorticoids are molecular effectors of our response to stress and can exert actions in essentially every body organ via activation of the stress-hormone receptor. The stress hormone receptor regulates gene expression by binding to specific response elements in the DNA.
This can also lead to long lasting “epigenetic reprogramming,” explains Anthony Zannas, leading scientist in the current study. “ We found that such a stress-induced reprogramming happens in sites that are associated with aging.”
Hypothesizing that these epigenetic effects could be mediated by glucocorticoid signaling, we found that a high number (n = 85) of epigenetic clock CpG sites were located within glucocorticoid response elements.
further examined the functional effects of glucocorticoids on epigenetic clock CpGs in an independent sample with genome-wide DNA methylation (n = 124) and gene expression data (n = 297) before and after exposure to the glucocorticoid receptor agonist dexamethasone.
We found that GREs co-localize with epigenetic clock CpGs and that glucocorticoid activation can induce dynamic methylation changes of these sites as well as changes in the expression of genes neighboring epigenetic clock CpGs

முகப்பரு தழும்புகளை நீக்கும் வெந்தயம்


முகப்பரு வராதவர்களே இல்லையென்று சொல்லலாம், முகப்பரு வந்து மறைந்தாலும் அதன் தழும்புகள் தடயங்கள் சிலருக்கு மாறாமல் அப்படியே இருக்கும், இந்த தழும்புகள் நம் அழகை மறைத்து அசிங்கமான தோற்றத்தை நமக்கு ஏற்படுத்தும். இதற்கு சிறந்த தீர்வாக வெந்தயம் அமையும் என்பதில் எந்த ஐயமும் இல்லை எனலாம். வெந்தயம் முகப்பரு தழும்பை நீக்குவதில் மிகச்சிறந்த மருந்தாகும்.
முகப்பரு தழும்புகளை நீக்க இந்த வெந்தயத்தை எவ்வாறு பயன்படுத்தலாம்
* வெந்தயத்தை பேஸ்ட் போல் அரைத்து முகத்தில் தடவி மாஸ்கு போல் பயன்படுத்தலாம், தழும்புகளின் மீது தடவி அவற்றை நீக்க முயற்சி செய்தால் நல்ல பலன் கிடைக்கும்
* ஆலிவ் எண்ணெயை தொடர்ந்து முகத்தில் தடவி வந்தால் பருத் தழும்புகள் மறைவதோடு பருக்கள் மேலும் உருவாவதையும் தடுக்கும்.
* பன்னீருடன் சந்தனத்தை கலந்து பேஸ்ட் போல் உருவாக்கி அதை முகத்தில் மாஸ்க்காக தடவிக்கொள்ளவும். ஒரு மணிநேரம் கழித்து முகத்தை கழுவி கொள்ளவும்.
* சுடுதண்ணீரில் வெந்தயத்தை நன்றாக கொதிக்க வைத்து பின்னர் அதை அரைத்து குளிர்ச்சியான இடத்தில் வைக்கவும். இதை தழும்புகள் மீது தடவி 15 முதல் 20 நிமிடம் கழித்து குளிர்ந்த தண்ணீரில் முகத்தை கழுவவும்.
* எலுமிச்சை சாற்றில் பஞ்சை நனைத்து அதை முகப்பருக்கள் மீது தடவவும். எலுமிச்சையும் கரும்புள்ளிகளை போக்கும் சிறந்த மருந்தாகும்.